保护地役权改革中国家公园生态产品价值实现路径研究——以钱江源国家公园为例  

Thoughts on the reform of conservation easement to realize the value of ecological products in national park:a case study of Qianjiangyuan National Park Construction Area

作　　者：欧阳鑫 赵祺彬 欧阳勋 赵国君 宋小友 OUYANG Xin;ZHAO Qibin;OUYANG Xun;ZHAO Guojun;SONG Xiaoyou(China Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149,China;Human Resources Development Center,Ministry of Natural Resources,Beijing 100032,China;Qianjiangyuan National Park Administration,Zhejiang Kaihua 324300,China)

机构地区：[1]中国自然资源经济研究院,北京101149 [2]自然资源部人力资源开发中心,北京100032 [3]钱江源国家公园管理局,浙江开化324300

出　　处：《上海国土资源》2024年第4期121-127,共7页Shanghai Land & Resources

基　　金：自然资源部部门预算项目“自然资源标准化业务支撑与标准体系建设”(121102000000190027);中国自然资源经济研究院科技成果转化项目“林地地役权登记技术标准研究”(2022110002000367)。

摘　　要：作为生态产品的重要供给源,国家公园对于自然生态系统保护意义重大。然而在国家公园及体制试点区建设过程中,部分地区存在集体林地占比较高而难以统一管理的问题,对生态产品价值实现带来一定挑战,保护地役权改革是很好的应对之策。本文在梳理生态产品概念、价值实现路径的基础上,以钱江源国家公园地役权改革为例,系统总结基于集体林地保护地役权改革的国家公园生态产品价值实现的政府路径、市场路径和综合路径,分析现阶段所面临的保护地役权相关法律依据还不够充分、国家公园生态产品产权界定尚不清晰、价值核算体系有待完善、价值实现的方式仍需创新、价值实现资金支持仍需加强等难点,据此进一步提出建立健全国家公园法律法规体系、加强自然资源资产产权制度建设、完善国家公园生态产品价值核算体系、拓展国家公园生态产品价值实现方式、积极引导社会资本参与国家公园建设等对策建议。As a crucial source of ecological products,national parks play a significant role in conserving the natural ecosystems.However,in the process of constructing national parks and pilot areas,some regions face challenges due to the high proportion of collective forest land ownership,making unified management difficult and hindering the realization of the value of ecological products.The conservation easement reform is efficiently response.This article,based on the concept,value realization path of ecological products,takes the Qianjiangyuan(Source of the Qianjiang River)National Park construction area as an example to systematically summarize the government path,market path,and comprehensive path for realizing the value of national park ecological products based on conservation easement reform.It analyzes the current difficulties faced,including incomplete legal protection of conservation easement,unclear definition of property rights for national park ecological products,incomplete system of the monetary accounting for ecological products,the need for innovative approaches to value realization,and insufficient funding support for value realization.Furthermore,it proposes suggestions such as establishing a legal framework for national parks,strengthening the construction of natural resource asset property rights systems,improving the system of the monetary accounting for national park ecological products,expanding the ways to realize the value of national park ecological products,and encouraging the participation of social funding in national park construction.

关 键 词：国家公园 生态产品 价值实现 集体林地 保护地役权 钱江源 

分 类 号：D922.3[政治法律—法学] F124.5[经济管理—世界经济]