高速列车U型橡胶外风挡低温下收缩性能分析  

Analysis of shrinkage performance of U-shaped rubber outer windshield of high-speed train at low temperature

作　　者：顾铖 徐磊 俞成涛 王加政 GU Cheng;XU Lei;YU Chengtao;WANG Jiazheng(School of Mechanical Engineering,Jiangsu University of Technology,Changzhou 213000,China;Changzhou Jinchuang Windshield System Co.,Ltd.,Changzhou 213000,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏理工学院机械工程学院,常州213000 [2]常州今创风挡系统有限公司,常州213000

出　　处：《机械强度》2025年第1期84-91,共8页Journal of Mechanical Strength

基　　金：江苏省青蓝工程优秀青年骨干教师项目(202111)。

摘　　要：基于橡胶的低温拉伸试验数据,利用Ansys软件拟合得到橡胶材料Mooney-Rivlin超弹性本构模型参数,并根据3种实际工况对U型橡胶外风挡进行热固耦合仿真分析,研究不同工况对U型橡胶形变的影响;并且对U型橡胶外风挡和3块不同厚度压条预紧的橡胶样件进行低温试验,研究温度及压条厚度对其形变的影响。结果表明,U型橡胶的形变主要因温度变化产生,U型橡胶高度明显减小,而侧壁厚度与橡胶长度的形变量较小;另外,压条的厚度对螺栓孔处橡胶的形变量影响较大,相对于5、6 mm厚度的压条,4 mm压条在螺栓预紧力作用下产生了较大的形变,导致螺栓孔处形变较大,进而增加压条的厚度可有效减小脱孔风险;将有限元仿真数据与低温试验的结果对比发现两者基本一致,表明有限元分析的可行性与低温试验的可靠性。研究结果对U型橡胶外风挡低温下应用的可靠性提供了一定的指导依据。Based on the low temperature tensile test data of the rubber,Ansys software was used to fit the Mooney-Rivlin hyperelastic constitutive model of rubber material parameters,and the thermo-solid coupling simulation was carried out on the U-shaped rubber outer windshield according to three real working conditions,and the influence of different working conditions on the U-shaped rubber deformation was studied.The low temperature test was carried out on U-shaped rubber outer windshield and three rubber samples with different batten thicknesses,the influence of temperature and batten thickness on its deformation was studied.The results show that the U-shaped rubber deformation is mainly caused by the temperature change,the U-shaped rubber height decreases obviously,and the shape variable of the side wall thickness and the rubber length is small.In addition,the batten thickness has a greater influence on the rubber shape variable at the bolt hole.Compared with the batten of 5 mm and 6 mm thickness,the 4 mm batten produces a larger deformation under the bolt preload action,resulting in a larger deformation at the bolt hole,and then increasing the batten thickness can effectively reduce the hole removal risk.Comparing the finite element simulation data with the low temperature test results,it is found that the two results are basically consistent,which indicates the finite element analysis feasibility and the low temperature test reliability.The research results provide some guidance basis for the U-shaped rubber outer windshield under low temperature application reliability.

关 键 词：U型橡胶外风挡 Mooney-Rivlin超弹性本构模型 热固耦合 有限元分析 低温试验 

分 类 号：U270[机械工程—车辆工程]