二十一种植物精油对草地贪夜蛾的产卵驱避和拒食活性评价  

Evaluation of oviposition deterrent and antifeedant activities of 21 plant essential oils against Spodoptera frugiperda(Lepidoptera:Noctuidae)

作　　者：郭一博 李嘉艺 杨炳南 蓝睿 罗海岚 吴正伟 GUO Yi-Bo;LI Jia-Yi;YANG Bing-Nan;LAN Rui;LUO Hai-Lan;WU Zheng-Wei(College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences,Guangdong Ocean University,Zhanjiang 524088,China)

机构地区：[1]广东海洋大学滨海农业学院,湛江524088

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第12期1617-1623,共7页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：湛江市农村科技特派员团队项目(A21413)。

摘　　要：【目的】本研究旨在探究植物精油对重大入侵害虫草地贪夜蛾Spodoptera frugiperda的产卵驱避及拒食作用,为草地贪夜蛾的绿色防控提供新方法。【方法】以采自广东湛江玉米田并在室内饲养繁殖多代的草地贪夜蛾作为试虫,在室内采用行为选择法测定了21种植物(紫苏Perilla frutescens、柏木Cupressus funebris、水菖蒲Acorus calamus、艾草Artemisia argyi、辣椒Capsicum annuum、肉豆蔻Myristica fragrans、生姜Zingiber officinale、胡椒Piper nigrum、大蒜Allium sativum、雪松Cedrus deodara、肉桂Cinnamomum cassia、薄荷Mentha canadensis、留兰香Mentha spicata、山苍籽Litsea cubeba、苦楝Melia azedarach、柠檬Citrus limon、茶树Camellia sinensis、香茅Cymbopogon citratus、桉叶Eucalyptus globules、香樟Cinnamomum camphora和碰碰香Plectranthus hadiensis)精油对草地贪夜蛾成虫的产卵驱避活性,并采用叶碟饲喂法测定这些精油对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的拒食活性。【结果】在2.5 mL/L浓度下,辣椒精油和苦楝精油对草地贪夜蛾成虫的产卵驱避效果最好,驱避率分别为89.13%和88.83%。在5 mL/L浓度下,辣椒精油的产卵驱避效果最好(驱避率100.00%)。在10 mL/L浓度下,紫苏、柏木、辣椒、肉豆蔻、胡椒、大蒜、雪松和柠檬精油对草地贪夜蛾成虫均具有明显的产卵驱避效果。2.5 mL/L浓度下,胡椒精油对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的非选择性拒食效果和选择性拒食效果均最好,拒食率分别为98.67%和97.37%。5和10 mL/L浓度下时,胡椒精油对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫的拒食率均最高,均为100.00%。【结论】低浓度的辣椒和苦楝精油对草地贪夜蛾成虫具有很好的产卵驱避活性,胡椒精油对草地贪夜蛾2龄幼虫具有很高的拒食活性,这些植物精油在草地贪夜蛾绿色防控中具有应用前景。【Aim】The objective of this study is to investigate the oviposition deterrent and antifeedant effects of plant essential oils(EOs)on a major invasive pest,the fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,and provide a new method for the green control of this pest.【Methods】S.frugiperda collected from a maize field in Zhanjiang,Guangdong Province,South China and reared indoors for several generations was used.In the laboratory,the oviposition deterrent activities of EOs from 21 plants(Perilla frutescens,Cupressus funebris,Acorus calamus,Artemisia argyi,Capsicum annuum,Myristica fragrans,Zingiber officinale,Piper nigrum,Allium sativum,Cedrus deodara,Cinnamomum cassia,Mentha canadensis,Mentha spicata,Litsea cubeba,Melia azedarach,Citrus limon,Camellia sinensis,Cymbopogon citratus,Eucalyptus globules,Cinnamomum camphora and Plectranthus hadiensis)against S.frugiperda adults were investigated using the behavior selection method,while the antifeedant activities of these EOs against the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda were evaluated using the leaf dish feeding method.【Results】At the concentration of 2.5 mL/L,Capsicum annuum EO and Melia azedarach EO had the best oviposition deterrent effects on S.frugiperda adults,with the deterrent rates of 89.13%and 88.83%,respectively.At the concentration of 5 mL/L,Capsicum annuum EO showed the best oviposition deterrent effect on S.frugiperda adults,with the deterrent rate of 100.00%.At the concentration of 10 mL/L,the EOs from Perilla frutescens,Cupressus funebris,Capsicum annuum,Myristica fragrans,Piper nigrum,Allium sativum,Cedrus deodara and Citrus limon showed obvious oviposition deterrent effects on S.frugiperda adults.Piper nigrum EO at the concentration of 2.5 mL/L had the best non-selective and selective antifeedant effects on the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda,with the antifeedant rates of 98.67%and 97.37%,respectively.At the concentrations of 5 and 10 mL/L,Piper nigrum EO also exhibited the best antifeedant effects on the 2nd instar larvae of S.frugiperda,both with

关 键 词：草地贪夜蛾 植物精油 拒食活性 产卵驱避活性 绿色防控 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]