十种常用杀虫剂对番茄潜叶蛾室内药效测定和田间防效评价  

Laboratory insecticidal effect determination and field control efficacy evaluation of ten commonly used insecticides against Tuta absoluta(Lepidoptera:Gelechiidae)

作　　者：梁洁 杨小萌 郭建洋[1] 陈来 郭建英 刘万学[1] LIANG Jie;YANG Xiao-Meng;GUO Jian-Yang;CHEN Lai;GUO Jian-Ying;LIU Wan-Xue(State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests,Institute of Plant Protection,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100193,China;College of Plant Protection,Hebei Agricultural University,Baoding 071001,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害综合治理全国重点实验室,北京100193 [2]河北农业大学植物保护学院,保定071000

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2024年第12期1624-1633,共10页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFC2600400)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过室内药效测定和田间防效评价,筛选出对番茄潜叶蛾Tuta absoluta防治效果较高的杀虫剂,满足生产中应急防控该虫的需求。【方法】从田间番茄植株上采集的番茄潜叶蛾幼虫在实验室饲养45代以上,利用室内浸卵法和浸叶法测定7个类别共10种常用杀虫剂[包括5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂、60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂和5%多杀霉素悬浮剂(抗生素类)、200 g/L氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂(双酰胺类)、150 g/L茚虫威乳油(噁二嗪类)、10%虫螨腈悬浮剂(吡咯类)、240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂(激素类)、2.5%鱼藤酮乳油(植物源类)及8000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂和300亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌可湿性粉剂(微生物源类)]对番茄潜叶蛾卵孵化率和2龄幼虫死亡率的影响。2023年7月用室内生物测定筛选出的药效较快较强的5种杀虫剂制剂在新疆露地番茄上进行喷雾处理,评价其对番茄潜叶蛾的田间防效。【结果】室内生物测定表明,10种药剂对番茄潜叶蛾卵的孵化率影响不同,微生物源杀虫剂8000 IU/μL苏云金杆菌悬浮剂和300亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌可湿性粉剂及植物源杀虫剂2.5%鱼藤酮乳油在处理后7 d时对卵的孵化无影响;而化学类药剂中,240 g/L甲氧虫酰肼悬浮剂、60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂和5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂在5 d内对卵的孵化表现出显著的抑制效果;10种药剂对番茄潜叶蛾2龄幼虫的致死效果有差异,化学杀虫剂中,60 g/L乙基多杀菌素悬浮剂对番茄潜叶蛾2龄幼虫的杀虫活性最高,在药后1-4 d,致死率达到100.00%;10%虫螨腈悬浮剂和150 g/L茚虫威乳油在处理后3和4 d对2龄幼虫的致死率也达100.00%;而植物源杀虫剂2.5%鱼藤酮乳油和微生物源杀虫剂300亿孢子/g球孢白僵菌可湿性粉剂在处理4 d内对2龄幼虫的致死效果。田间试验结果显示,施药7 d后测试的5种杀虫剂制剂对番茄潜叶蛾的防【Aim】Through laboratory insecticidal effect determination and field control efficacy evaluation,the insecticides with high control efficacy against Tuta absoluta were screened to satisfy the demand for emergency control of this pest in production.【Methods】T.absoluta larvae collected from tomato plants in the field were reared in the laboratory for more than 45 generations,the effects of 10 commonly used insecticides of seven categories including 5%emamectin benzoate water dispersible granule(WG),60 g/L spinetoram suspension concentrate(SC)and 5%spinosad SC(antibiotics),200 g/L chlorantraniliprole SC(bisamide),150 g/L indoxacarb emulsifiable concentrate(EC)(oxadiazine),10%chlorfenapyr SC(pyrroles),240 g/L methoxyfenozide SC(hormone),2.5%rotenone EC(botanical source),and 8000 IU/μL Bacillus thuringiensis SC and 30 billion spores/g Beauveria bassiana wettable powder(WP)(microbial source)on the hatching rates of T.absoluta eggs and the mortality rates of the 2nd instar larvae were determined by indoor egg-dipping method and leaf-dipping method,respectively.In July 2023,five insecticide formulations with strong insecticidal effects on T.absoluta in laboratory bioassay were sprayed to open field tomatoes in Xinjiang,Northwest China to evaluate their field control efficacy against T.absoluta.【Results】Laboratory bioassay results showed that the 10 pesticides had different effects on the hatching of T.absoluta eggs,the microbial insecticides 8000 IU/μL B.thuringiensis SC and 30 billion spores/g B.bassiana WP and the botanical insecticide 2.5%rotenone EC had no significant effect on the hatching of eggs at 7 d after treatment,while the chemical insecticides 240 g/L methoxyfenozide SC,60 g/L spinetoram SC and 5%emamectin benzoate WG exhibited significant inhibitory effects on the hatching of eggs in 5 d.The 10 pesticides had different lethal effects on the 2nd instar larvae of T.absoluta.Among the chemical pesticides,60 g/L spinetoram SC showed the highest insecticidal activity against the 2nd instar larvae,ca

关 键 词：番茄潜叶蛾 杀虫剂 室内药效 田间防效 番茄 

分 类 号：Q965.9[生物学—昆虫学]