三江源区白燕7号与豆科饲草混播对饲草生长发育、产量及品质的影响  

Effects of Mixed Sowing of Bai Yan No.7 and Leguminosae Forage on Forage Growth,Yield and Quality in Three-River Headwaters Region

作　　者：刘青青 吕亮雨 施建军[1] 蔡宗程 李发毅 保善存 常诗娅 恩仁乐 LIU Qingqing;LYU Liangyu;SHI Jianjun;CAI Zongcheng;LI Fayi;BAO Shancun;CHANG Shiya;EN Renle(Academy of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences,Qinghai University,Qinghai Xining 810016,China;College of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry,Qinghai University,Qinghai Xining 810016,China;Environmental Engineering Department,Qinghai University,Qinghai Xining 810016,China)

机构地区：[1]青海大学畜牧兽医科学院,青海西宁810016 [2]青海大学农牧学院,青海西宁810016 [3]青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海西宁810016

出　　处：《饲料工业》2025年第2期134-141,共8页Feed Industry

基　　金：青海省科技特派员专项“高寒高效饲草料基地建设关键技术集成与示范”[2023-NK-P56];科技部第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目[2019QZKK1002]。

摘　　要：试验探究了白燕7号与豆科饲草混播对人工草地生长发育和产量品质的影响,对维持草畜平衡具有重要意义。试验将禾本科饲草白燕7号与3种豆科饲草分别混播,并设置了两种不同混播比例,以4种饲草单播为对照,并利用隶属函数法综合评价得出该地区最适混播比例,以期为高寒地区饲草生产提质增效提供科学依据和理论支撑。结果显示:B6(白燕7号∶饲用豌豆=7∶1)处理株高、叶面积、单株叶重和茎重较其他处理明显更优;B6处理(白燕7号∶饲用豌豆=7∶1)干草产量最高,为9300 kg/hm^(2),较单播白燕7号(A1)显著增加了50.0%(P<0.05),B4次之,为9200 kg/hm^(2)。此外,大部分禾豆混播处理饲草的营养成分含量显著高于单播白燕7号(A1)(P<0.05),但显著低于单播饲用豌豆(A2)(P<0.05),B4处理(白燕7号∶饲用豌豆=4.5∶1)的粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量均显著高于其他混播处理(P<0.05),分别为16.50%和6.26%;饲用豌豆(A2)在3种豆科饲草中营养物质含量最高。根据隶属函数综合评价结果,B4(白燕7号∶饲用豌豆=4.5∶1)的隶属函数值为0.738,属优,为Ⅰ级。综上所述,各单播和混播处理中的白燕7号∶饲用豌豆=4.5∶1各项指标较其他处理更好,因此该混播处理更适宜在三江源区的果洛地区推广种植。This experiment explored the effects of mixed sowing of Bai Yan No.7 and leguminous forage on the growth,yield and quality of artificial grassland,which was of great significance for maintaining the balance between grass and livestock.In this experiment,gramineous forage Bai Yan No.7 was mixed with three leguminous forage grasses respectively,and two different mixed sowing ratios were set.Taking four forage grasses as control,the optimal mixed sowing ratio in this area was obtained by comprehensive evaluation with membership function method,so as to provide scientific basis and theoretical support for improving forage production quality and increasing efficiency in alpine region.The results showed that the plant height,leaf area,leaf weight per plant and stem weight of B6(Bai Yan No.7∶Pisum sativum=7∶1)were significantly better than those of other treatments.The hay yield of B6 treatment(Bai Yan No.7∶Pisum sativum=7∶1)was the highest(9300 kg/hm2),which was significantly increased by 50.0%compared with that of monsowing Avena sativa(A1)(P<0.05),followed by B4(9200 kg/hm2).In addition,the nutrient content of forage under mixed sowing was significantly higher than that under monsowing Bai Yan No.7(A1)(P<0.05),but significantly lower than that under monsowing Pisum sativum(A2)(P<0.05).The crude protein and crude fat contents of forage under B4 treatment(Bai Yan No.7∶Pisum sativum=4.5∶1)were significantly higher than those under other mixed sowing treatments(P<0.05),which were 16.50%and 6.26%,respectively.Pisum sativum(A2)had the highest nutrient content among the three legumes.According to the comprehensive evaluation results of membership function,the membership function values of B4(Bai Yan No.7∶Pisum sativum=4.5∶1)was 0.738,which were excellent and gradedⅠ.In summary,the indexes of Bai Yan No.7∶Pisum sativum=4.5∶1 in each unicast and mixed sowing treatment were better than those of other treatments,so the mixed sowing treatment was more suitable for promoting planting in Guoluo of Three-river

关 键 词：禾豆混播 白燕7号 生长 产量品质 三江源地区 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]