不同发育阶段杉木凋落物分解过程中难分解物质的动态特征  

Dynamic characteristics of refractory substances during litter decomposition of Chinese fir at different developmental stages

作　　者：郭嘉龙 张丽仙 杨丽 陈宇龙 郭文娟 李树斌[2] 周丽丽 GUO Jialong;ZHANG Lixian;YANG Li;CHEN Yulong;GOU Wenjuan;LI Shubin;ZHOU Lili(College of Juncao Science and Ecology(College of Carbon Neutrality),Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Forestry,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Resources and Environment,Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University,Fuzhou 350002,China;College of Geography and Oceanography,Minjiang University,Fuzhou 350108,China)

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学菌草与生态学院(碳中和学院),福建福州350002 [2]福建农林大学林学院,福建福州350002 [3]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福建福州350002 [4]闽江学院地理与海洋学院,福建福州350108

出　　处：《江西农业大学学报》2024年第6期1488-1497,共10页Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD2201302);国家自然科学基金面上项目(32271864);福建省自然科学基金项目(2021J011045)。

摘　　要：【目的】探究不同发育阶段杉木凋落物分解过程中难分解物质(木质素、纤维素、总酚、单宁)的动态特征,为充分理解杉木人工林养分循环障碍提供理论基础。【方法】以福建三明福建农林大学莘口教学林场中龄林(18年生)、成熟林(30年生)、过熟林(42年生)3个发育阶段杉木人工林为研究对象,开展凋落枝与凋落枝+叶的室内分解试验,分别于第0、15、30、72、118、172、264天对不同类型凋落物进行取样。【结果】(1)不同类型凋落物木质素和纤维素初始含量表现为凋落枝>凋落枝+叶,且随林分的发育而显著增加,单宁初始含量表现为凋落枝<凋落枝+叶,亦表现为过熟林最高。(2)在分解0~264 d的过程中,不同发育阶段2种类型凋落物木质素总体呈释放-富集-释放的模式,纤维素总体呈富集—释放的模式,总酚和单宁除分解0~30 d略有富集外,总体呈释放模式。(3)264 d试验结束时,凋落枝中难分解物质的释放率由大到小依次为总酚、纤维素、木质素和单宁,分别为62.56%、32.75%、20.96%、15.33%;凋落枝+叶中难分解物质的释放率由大到小依次为总酚、纤维素、单宁和木质素,分别为76.25%、37.32%、22.05%、-3.52%。(4)相关性分析表明,木质素释放率与单宁、总酚释放率显著负相关(P<0.05),总酚释放率与纤维素、单宁释放率呈显著正相关。【结论】不同难分解物质的释放存在相互作用关系,木质素的释放与单宁、总酚的释放存在拮抗作用,总酚的释放与纤维素、单宁的释放存在协同作用,建议在杉木纯林中补植低叶片木质素含量的阔叶树,提高凋落物的基质质量,从而加快凋落物分解和养分循环速率,以达到提高杉木人工林地力水平的目的。[Objective]This study aims to explore the dynamic characteristics of refractory substances(lignin,cellulose,total phenols,tannins)during the decomposition of Chinese fir litter at different developmental stages,and provide a theoretical basis for a comprehensive understanding of nutrient cycling barriers in Chinese fir forests.[Method]Taking the middle-aged(18-year-old),mature(30-year-old)and over-mature(42-year-old)Chinese fir plantations at three developmental stages in Xinkou Teaching Forest Farm of Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University in Sanming,Fujian Province as the research object,indoor decomposition experiments were conducted using litter branches and litter branches with leaves,respectively.Different types of litter were sampled on days 0,15,30,72,118,172 and 264,respectively.[Result](1)The initial content of lignin and cellulose in different types of litter showed a higher content in litter branches compared with litter branches+leaves,and increased significantly with the development of the stand.The initial content of tannins showed a lower content in litter branches,with the lowest content observed in the young stand.(2)In the process of decomposition for 0-264 days,the overall pattern of lignin release-enrichment-release was observed for both types of litter at different developmental stages,while cellulose showed an overall enrichment-release pattern.Total phenols and tannins showed a slight enrichment in the initial 0-30 days,followed by a release pattern.(3)At the end of the 264 day experiment,the release of refractory substances from fallen branches showed the following order:total phenols>cellulose>lignin>tannins,with release rates of 62.56%,32.75%,20.96%,and 15.33%,respectively.The release of refractory substances from fallen branches and leaves followed the order:total phenols>cellulose>tannins>lignin,with release rates of 76.25%,37.32%,22.05%,and-3.52%respectively.(4)Correlation analysis showed that the release rate of lignin was significantly negatively correlated with the release rat

关 键 词：杉木 发育阶段 凋落枝叶 难分解物质 残留率 相关性分析 

分 类 号：S718.5[农业科学—林学]