土地财政与地政改良:民国时期江苏沙田官产的权属争夺与清理困境  

Land Finance and Land Reform:The Dilemma of Ownership Contention and Cleaning of Government Property in Jiangsu Province Shatian in the Republic of China

作　　者：胡勇军 HU Yongjun(School of Marxism,Changzhou University,Changzhou 213164)

机构地区：[1]常州大学马克思主义学院,江苏常州213164

出　　处：《中国农史》2024年第6期79-88,28,共11页Agricultural History of China

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“明清以来长三角地区生态环境变迁与特色农业发展研究”(21&ZD224)。

摘　　要：民国时期,沙田官产的清理工作一直困扰着中央和地方政府。南京国民政府实施的财政分权制度,强化了地方政府对土地财政的依赖,并引发了财政部和江苏省对沙田官产的权属之争。最终,江苏省利用地政管理中经界不明的漏洞赢得胜利,但在清理沙田官产的过程中屡遭挫折,饱受社会各界诟病。究其原因,政府争夺和清理沙田官产的目的都是为了谋求财政收益,而非地政改良。在土地财政模式中,沙田官产在法制和人事方面的积弊很难从根本上消除,政府和社会各界不得不探寻新的土地政策。During the Republic of China period,the Shatian official property clean-up work has been plagued by the central and local government.Nanjing national government implementation of the fiscal decentralization system,strengthened the local government to the land finance dependence,and triggered the Ministry of Finance and Jiangsu Province on the Shatian official property ownership dispute.Finally,Jiangsu Province using the land administration in the boundaries of the unknown loopholes won the victory,but in the process of clean-up Shatian official property setbacks,suffered from the social criticism.The reason,the government for and clean-up Shatian official property is to seek financial benefits,rather than land reform.In the land finance model,Shatian official property in the legal and personnel aspects of the accumulated problems is difficult to be fundamentally eliminated,the government and the social sectors have to explore new land policy.

关 键 词：民国 江苏 沙田官产 土地权属 公营农场 

分 类 号：S-09[农业科学] K207[历史地理—历史学]