盐碱胁迫对不同类型工业大麻品种生长的影响  

Effects of Salt Alkali Stress Treatment on Growth ofDifferent Types of Industrial Hemp Varieties

作　　者：姜泽宇 齐国超[1] 车野[1] 张玲[1] 接思源 杨威 顾鑫[1] 王迪[1] JIANG Zeyu;QI Guochao;CHE Ye;ZHANG Ling;JIE Siyuan;YANG Wei;GU Xin;WANG Di(Daqing Branch,Heilongjiang Academy and Agricultural Sciences,Daqing 163711,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院大庆分院,黑龙江大庆163711

出　　处：《黑龙江农业科学》2025年第2期22-29,共8页Heilongjiang Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省省属科研业务费项目(CZKYF2024-1-C005);国家麻类产业体系大庆工业大麻试验站(CARS-16-S04)。

摘　　要：为进一步研究不同工业大麻品种在萌发过程中对盐胁迫的耐受性,以工业大麻品种庆大麻1号(纤用型)和龙大麻1号(籽用型)为试材,探索其在不同浓度NaCl和Na_(2)CO_(3)处理下发芽率、生长势及一系列生理响应。结果表明,两个品种的发芽率与盐碱浓度呈负相关关系,随盐碱处理浓度的增加而显著下降,尤其是在250 mmol·L^(-1)碱胁迫下两个品种的芽率仅为8.89%和21.11%。然而,低浓度(50 mmol·L^(-1))NaCl处理一定程度上刺激了种子的萌发,与对照组相比表现出更高的发芽率。生理指标结果表明,盐碱胁迫下大麻植株的株高、干重和根长明显受阻。研究同时发现,碱胁迫比盐胁迫的生长抑制作用更加强烈。然而与籽用型大麻相比,纤用型大麻具有较强的抗氧化调节及渗透调节能力,有力保障了其在高盐碱环境下的正常生长。综上所述,碱胁迫对大麻生长发育的抑制作用更为明显,而纤用型大麻对盐碱胁迫的耐受性和调节能力更强,表现出较强的生长势和生物产量。In order to further investigate the tolerance of different industrial hemp varieties to salt stress during germination,the industrial hemp varieties“Qingdama 1”(QM1,fiber-type hemp)and“Longdama 1”(LM1,seed-type hemp)were used as test materials to explore the germination rate,growth potential and a series of physiological response mechanisms under different concentrations of NaCl and Na_(2)CO_(3).The results showed that the germination rate of the two varieties was negatively correlated with salt and alkali concentration,and the germination rate decreased significantly with the increase of salt concentration,especially under 250 mmol·L^(-1)alkali stress,the seed germination rate of the two varieties was only 8.89%and 21.11%.However,the low concentration(50 mmol·L^(-1))NaCl treatment stimulated the germination of seeds to some extend and showed a higher germination rate compared with the CK group.The results of growth potential and physiological indices showed that the growth of cannabis plants,plant height,dry weight and root length were significantly inhibited under salt and alkali stress.It was also found that alkali stress had stronger growth inhibition effect than salt stress.However,compared with seed-type hemp,fiber-type hemp has stronger antioxidant regulation and osmotic regulation ability,which effectively guarantees its normal growth in high salinity environment.In summary,alkali stress has more obvious inhibitory effect on the growth and development of hemp,while fiber hemp has stronger tolerance and regulation ability to salt and alkali stress,showing stronger growth potential and biological yield.

关 键 词：工业大麻 盐碱胁迫 生理指标 生长势 

分 类 号：TS1[轻工技术与工程—纺织科学与工程]