芥菜与抗根肿病大白菜远缘杂交亲和性分析及杂种鉴定  

Analysis of Compatibility in Distant Hybridization Between Brassica juncea and Clubroot Resistance Brassica rapa and Identifi cation of Hybrid

作　　者：师博 张慧[2] 宋超 王霞 周巾琰 李泽 章时藩 李菲[2] 李国亮[2] 孙日飞[2] 李灵芝[1] 张淑江[2] SHI Bo;ZHANG Hui;SONG Chao;WANG Xia;ZHOU Jinyan;LI Ze;ZHANG Shifan;LI Fei;LI Guoliang;SUN Rifei;LI Lingzhi;ZHANG Shujiang(College of Horticulture,Shanxi Agricultural University,Taigu 030801,Shanxi,China;State Key Laboratory of Vegetable Biobreeding,Institute of Vegetables and Flowers,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学园艺学院,山西太谷030801 [2]中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所,蔬菜生物育种全国重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国蔬菜》2025年第1期61-70,共10页China Vegetables

基　　金：中国农业科学院创新工程项目(CAAS-ASTIP-IVFCAAS);农业农村部园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室项目;国家大宗蔬菜产业技术体系项目(CARS-23-A-14)。

摘　　要：芥菜是全球广泛种植的十字花科芸薹属植物,是重要的蔬菜和油料作物,但其对根肿病的抗性较差。根肿病是由芸薹根肿菌(Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron.)侵染引起的,严重影响十字花科作物生长的土传性病害,目前大白菜中根肿病抗源材料较多。利用3份不同类型的叶用芥菜材料为母本与3份含有不同根肿病抗性基因的大白菜材料进行远缘杂交,筛选亲和性较高的杂交组合,并对其杂种进行抗根肿病分子标记鉴定、倍性鉴定和花粉活力鉴定,以确定获得的杂种为三倍体真杂种及其育性。结果表明:以香叶芥2018为母本进行远缘杂交亲和指数显著高于以包心芥2029和2051为母本,而以不同类型的大白菜为父本不会影响种间远缘杂交的结果;2018 × B、2018 × C、2018 × D、2051 × D等4份F_(1)均含有父本大白菜所含的根肿病抗性基因;4份F_(1)的DNA相对含量在19 930.26左右,是大白菜和芥菜DNA相对含量的平均值,说明4份F_(1)均为三倍体真杂种;2018 × B和2018 × C的杂种F_(1)均具有育性,但花粉活力显著低于父母本,可为芥菜根肿病的抗性育种提供中间材料。Mustard(Brassica juncea),a Brassica vegetable in Cruciferae family,is widely cultivated worldwide and serves as important vegetable and oil crop.However,it has poor resistance to clubroot disease.Clubroot is a soil-borne disease caused by the infection of Plasmodiophora brassicae Woron.,which seriously affects Cruciferae crops.Currently,clubroot resistant resources were found in Brassica rapa.Taking three different types of mustard materials which were used as female parents and three Chinese cabbage materials with different clubroot resistance(CR)genes which were used as male parents were crossed to conduct hybridization F_(1).Molecular marker linked to CR genes were used to identified hybrid individuals.Ploidy determination and pollen viability assessment were performed on the hybrids to confirm their status as true triploid hybrids and their fertility.The results showed that the cross-compatibility index of combinations by using 2018 as female parent were significantly higher than that combinations by using 2029 and 2051 as female parents.Meanwhile,the cross-compatibility index has no significant differences among different Chinese cabbage as male parents.Among the F_(1) hybrid combinations,2018×B,2018×C,2018×D,and 2051×D were found to possess the clubroot resistance gene from their respective Brassica rapa male parents.The DNA relative contents of these four combinations were 19930.26,which is near the average of DNA relative contents of Brassica rapa and Brassica juncea,confirming their status as true triploid hybrids.Both 2018×B and 2018×C combinations exhibited fertility,although their pollen vitality was significantly lower than that of their parental lines.These hybrids can serve as intermediate materials for clubroot resistance breeding of Brassica juncea.

关 键 词：芥菜 抗根肿病大白菜 远缘杂交 亲和性 三倍体 

分 类 号：S637[农业科学—蔬菜学]