转译、自立与科学化:日本近代针灸知识的建构路径  

Translation,Self-Reliance and Scientificization:The Construction Path of Acupuncture Knowledge in Modern Japan

作　　者：赵璟 刘士永 ZHAO Jing;LIU Shi-yong(School of History and Culture of Science,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Department of History,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学科学史与科学文化研究院,上海200240 [2]上海交通大学历史系,上海200240

出　　处：《科学技术哲学研究》2025年第1期99-104,共6页Studies in Philosophy of Science and Technology

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目“中国针灸学科史研究”(ZZ201914003)。

摘　　要：针灸在日本经历了从接纳、融合到科学化的过程,其间日本完成了从针灸知识的接受国到生产国的地位转换。近世日本针灸,通过韵文化改编与模型展示实现知识的跨阶层传递,而文本知识重构与多元针灸流派的发展促成本国针灸独立。明治维新伊始,日本首发针灸近代化之路,开展针灸实验研究以证其效,依托盲人福利以行合法教育,亦借助学术组织力量得以勃兴,令传统的针灸知识也具备了西方医学的现代性(modernity),为东亚针灸科学化提供范本。通过考察针灸在日本的本土化历程,探寻日本在面对东西方医学时不同的融合路径,诠释知识如何伴随社会形态、知识观念的变化出现结构性转变及社会化重构。Acupuncture in Japan has undergone a transformative process of acceptance,integration,and scientifici-zation,leading to a shift in Japan's status from a recipient country of acupuncture knowledge to a producer coun-try.Modern acupuncture in Japan achieved cross-class knowledge transmission through the adaptation of rhythmic culture and model demonstration.Meanwhile,the reconstruction of textual knowledge and the development of di-verse acupuncture schools contributed to the independence of acupuncture in Japan.During the early stages of the Meiji Restoration,Japan embarked on a path of modernizing acupuncture,conducting experimental research to vali-date its efficacy.Legal education was provided through programs for the welfare of the blind,and academic organi-zations played a key role in its development.This enabled traditional acupuncture knowledge to also incorporate the modernity of Western medicine,providing a precedent for the scientificization of East Asian acupuncture.By exam-ining the localization process of acupuncture in Japan,this paper explores Japan's different paths of integration in the face of both Eastern and Western medicine,and interprets how knowledge undergoes the structural transforma-tions and societal reconstructions in response to shifts in social formations and concept of knowledge.

关 键 词：日本针灸 针灸科学化 知识生产模式 

分 类 号：N09[自然科学总论—科学技术哲学]