基于排间延时的柱状节理岩体爆破块度优化研究  

Columnar jointed rock blasting fragmentation optimization based on changing inter-row delay time

作　　者：叶海旺[1,2,3] 杨坤 马宝臣 黄林超 杨万里 刘源 雷涛[1,2,3] 彭瑞[1] 李睿 余梦豪 YE Hai-wang;YANG Kun;MA Bao-chen;HUANG Lin-chao;YANG Wan-li;LIU Yuan;LEI Tao;PENG Rui;LI Rui;YU Meng-hao(School of Resources and Environment Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources Processing and Environment,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Key Laboratory of Green Utilization of Critical Non-metallic Mineral Resources,Ministry of Education,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Tianjin Mining Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300073,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学资源与环境工程学院,武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学矿物资源加工与环境湖北省重点实验室,武汉430070 [3]武汉理工大学关键非金属矿产资源绿色利用教育部重点实验室,武汉430070 [4]天津矿山工程有限公司,天津300073

出　　处：《工程爆破》2024年第6期1-8,共8页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2020YFC1909602,2021YFC2902901);湖北省重点研发计划基金资助项目(2021BCA152)。

摘　　要：某凝灰岩骨料矿山岩体含有较为发育的柱状节理,导致爆破后大块率较高,增加了二次破碎成本。为降低矿山爆破大块率,根据现场爆破生产工况和岩体节理发育特征,使用MATLAB和ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件建立了含柱状节理的台阶爆破数值模型。在孔间延时时间20 ms前提下,分别设置排间延时时间50、46、42、37、33 ms,开展柱状节理岩体台阶爆破数值模拟试验。对比孔间延时时间20 ms、排间延时时间50 ms工况下的现场试验爆破块度和数值模型损伤进行统计分析,确定了爆破块度-损伤判据。对各工况下数值模拟计算结果进行统计分析,确定在孔间延时时间为20 ms的前提下,降低爆破大块率的最佳排间延时时间为42 ms。基于数值模拟结果开展现场爆破试验,结果表明:排间延时时间为42 ms时,爆破大块率为38.91%,相比于矿山原爆破大块率降低9.27个百分点。The rock body of a tuff aggregate mine contains more developed columnar joints,which leads to a high rate of big block after blasting and increases the cost of secondary crushing.In order to reduce the rate of blasting big block in the mine,according to the field blasting production conditions and the characteristics of the development of rock joints,the numerical model of bench blasting of rock with columnar joints was established by using MATLAB and ANSYS/LS-DYNA.The numerical simulation test of columnar jointed rock bench blasting were carried out when the delay time between holes was 20 ms,which was same to the mine blasting,and the delay time between rows were set as 50 ms,46 ms,42 ms,37 ms and 33 ms respectively.The blasting fragmentation-damage criterion was obtained by comparative analysis blasting damage from the numerical model and fragmentation distribution from field blasting when the inter-hole delay time was 20 ms and inter-row delay time was 50 ms.The numerical simulation results under each working condition are analyzed statistically,and a conclusion can be drown that the best inter-row delay time for reducing the blasting big block rate was 42 ms when the inter-hole delay was 20 ms.Based on the numerical simulation results,the field blasting tests were carried out.The test results showed that when the inter-row delay was 42 ms and inter-hole delay was 20 ms,the blasting big block rate is 38.91%,which was 9.27 percentage points lower than the original blasting big block rate.

关 键 词：柱状节理岩体 块度优化 LS-DYNA 数值模拟 排间延时 

分 类 号：TD235.3[矿业工程—矿井建设]