荔枝炭疽病的发生与防治研究进展  

Research progress on occurrence and control of litchi anthracnose

作　　者：凌金锋[1,2] 黄荣 董丁铭 孔广辉 习平根[1] 李敏慧[1] 彭埃天[2] 姜子德[1] LING Jinfeng;HUANG Rong;DONG Dingming;KONG Guanghui;XI Pinggen;LI Minhui;PENG Aitian;JIANG Zide(College of Plant Protection,South China Agricultural University/Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Microbial Signals and Disease Control,Guangzhou 510642,China;Plant Protection Research Institute,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of High Technology for Plant Protection,Guangzhou 510640,China)

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学植物保护学院/广东省微生物信号与作物病害防控重点实验室,广东广州510642 [2]广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所/农业农村部华南果蔬绿色防控重点实验室/广东省植物保护新技术重点实验室,广东广州510640

出　　处：《华南农业大学学报》2025年第1期1-11,共11页Journal of South China Agricultural University

基　　金：国家荔枝龙眼产业技术体系建设项目(CARS-32);广东省重点领域研发计划(2018B020205003);广州市科技计划(2024E04J1262)。

摘　　要：荔枝Litchi chinensis Sonn.是中国重要的热带亚热带水果之一,然而刺盘孢属真菌Colletotrichum spp.侵染所致的荔枝炭疽病严重影响了荔枝的生产和果实采后贮运。荔枝炭疽病为害荔枝叶、枝梢、花穗和果实,症状复杂,病原种类多样,迄今已报道了5个复合种共22个种,其中,盘长孢状刺盘孢复合种C. gloeosporioides species complex为优势种群。高温、高湿的气候条件适合病害的发生,每年4—6月为我国荔枝炭疽病的爆发期。本文从荔枝炭疽病病害症状、病原、发生规律、致病机制以及防治技术等方面进行了全面综述,根据其侵染过程对已报道的刺盘孢属真菌的致病因子进行了归纳,对荔枝炭疽病的防控技术进行了总结分析,并对今后的荔枝炭疽致病机制研究和绿色防控技术进行了展望。Litchi(Litchi chinensis Sonn.)is one of the important tropical and subtropical fruits in China.However,anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum spp.severely impacts the yield and quality of litchi,posing a major threat during both production and postharvest storage.Litchi anthracnose infects leaves,flower clusters,shoots and fruits,exhibiting diverse and complex symptoms.To date,total 22 species belonging to five Colletotrichum species complex have been reported worldwide to infect litchi,with the C.gloeosporioides species complex being the dominant group.High temperature and humidity are conducive to the occurrence of litchi anthracnose,and the outbreak period of litchi anthracnose is from April to June every year in China.This paper reviewed comprehensively the symptoms,pathogens,occurrence patterns,pathogenic mechanisms,and control techniques of litchi anthracnose.The reported infection process and virulent factors of Colletotrichum spp.were categorized,the control technologies for litchi anthracnose were summarized and analyzed.Finally,the future research on pathogenic mechanisms and green prevention and control strategies for litchi anthracnose were prospected.

关 键 词：荔枝 荔枝炭疽菌 优势种群 生物学特性 发生规律 致病机理 防治策略 

分 类 号：S432.4[农业科学—植物病理学]