2种药剂对水稻愈伤组织分化的影响及分化苗抗除草剂鉴定  

Effects of Two Chemicals on the Differentiation of Rice Callus and Identification of Herbicide Resistance of the Differentiated Seedlings

作　　者：程正宵 李杰勤 钱晶晶 唐靖雯 张从宇 CHENG Zhengxiao;LI Jieqin;QIAN Jingjing;TANG Jingwen;ZHANG Congyu(College of Agriculture,Anhui Science and Technology University,Fengyang 233100,Anhui,China;Anhui International Cooperative Research Center for Forage Bio-breeding,Fengyang 233100,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽科技学院农学院,安徽凤阳233100 [2]安徽省饲草生物育种国际合作研究中心,安徽凤阳233100

出　　处：《西昌学院学报(自然科学版)》2024年第4期12-19,共8页Journal of Xichang University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：安徽省重点研究与开发计划(202204c06020069)。

摘　　要：[目的]通过对水稻愈伤组织进行化学诱变与除草剂筛选,鉴定具有抗除草剂的水稻新种质资源和乙酰乳酸合成酶(ALS)基因新位点。[方法]研究了诱变剂叠氮化钠(NaN_(3))和除草剂甲氧咪草烟对水稻愈伤组织诱导分化的影响,并对分化苗进行了除草剂抗性鉴定和分子鉴定。[结果]NaN_(3)处理后可提高愈伤组织在甲氧咪草烟处理下的分化率,且在0.005g/L甲氧咪草烟溶液、2mmol/LNaN_(3)溶液处理下,愈伤组织分化率最高,其分化率为33.30%。利用不同质量浓度的甲氧咪草烟溶液对分化苗进行筛选,在田间推荐剂量1倍(3.16 g/L)和2倍(6.32 g/L)质量浓度甲氧咪草烟溶液喷施下均有分化苗存活,且在2倍处理下存活率达到20%。对抗性苗进行重测序表明,ALS基因第199位的碱基C突变为A,导致第67位氨基酸由脯氨酸变为苏氨酸。[结论]利用NaN_(3)及甲氧咪草烟筛选可以获得抗甲氧咪草烟水稻新种质,并且获得的Pro67Thr的突变为水稻抗甲氧咪草烟育种新位点,这为抗除草剂诱变育种研究提供了种质资源和基因资源。[Objective]Rice callus were screened by chemical mutagenesis and herbicide,and new rice germplasms resources with herbicide resistance and new loci of acetolactate synthase(ALS)gene were identified.[Method]In this study,the effects of sodium azide(NaN_(3))and imazamox on the differentiation of rice callus were analyzed.And the herbicide resistance identification and molecular identification were performed the differentiated seedlings.[Result]The NaN_(3) treatment could increase the differentiation rate when the medium was added NaN_(3).The highest differentiation rate was 33.30%on the treatment of 0.005 g/L imazamox solution and 2 mmol/L NaN_(3) solution.The differentiated seedlings were screened using different concentrations of imazamox.The differentiated seedlings were sprayed with 1 times(3.16 g/L)and 2 times(6.32 g/L)concentration of imazamox,and their survival rate reached 20%under the treatment of twice the recommended concentration.It proved that these survived seedlings had resistance to imazamox.The resistant seedlings were sequenced by second generation sequencing.It showed that the base C was mutated to A at position 199 of the ALS gene,resulting in a change from proline to threonine at the position.[Conclusion]New rice germplasm resistant to imazamox were obtained.The mutation of Pro67Thr is a new resistant locus to imazamox.Our research provides germplasm resources and genetic resources for the study of rice herbicide-resistant mutagenesis breeding.

关 键 词：水稻 NaN_(3) 甲氧咪草烟 分化 分子鉴定 愈伤组织 抗除草剂 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]