行刑反向衔接视角下刑事司法证据转化为行政执法证据研究  

The transformation of criminal evidence into administrative proceedings evidence in the realm of a reversal link between administrative proceedings and criminal proceedings

作　　者：孙蕙心 刘双阳 Sun Huixin;Liu Shuangyang(Law School,Macao University of Science and Technology,Macao 999078;School of Criminal Justice,China University of Political Scienceand Law,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]澳门科技大学法学院,中国澳门999078 [2]中国政法大学刑事司法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《证据科学》2024年第6期689-702,共14页Evidence Science

基　　金：国家社会科学基金青年项目“数字化条件下新型知识产权犯罪的刑法应对研究”(23CFX063);最高人民检察院检察理论研究课题“宽严相济刑事政策在司法领域的深化落实”(GJ2023B05)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：刑事司法证据转化为行政执法证据是推进行刑反向衔接的关键环节,为案件顺利移送、准确认定事实、正确适用法律、依法追究责任提供有力的证据证明支撑。刑事司法证据转化为行政执法证据应采取区分审查模式,根据不同类型证据的特性,分类适用不同的审查标准和审查力度。刑事实物证据可直接转化为行政执法证据,刑事言词证据和鉴定意见经法定程序转化为行政执法证据,刑事技侦证据不可转化为行政执法证据。在分类转化的基础上,应当按照不同类型证据的证明力设定针对性的使用规则,其中对刑事实物证据采取核实使用规则;对刑事言词证据采取有限使用规则;对刑事鉴定意见采取补强使用规则,同时在刑事司法证据向行政执法证据转化的审查过程中,必须恪守非法证据排除规则。The transformation of criminal evidence to administrative proceedings evidence is a crucial step in promoting a reversal link between administrative proceedings and criminal proceedings.It provides strong evidentiary support for the smooth commencement of the proceedings,accurate fact-finding,correct application of the law,and the realization of criminal responsibility.According to the characteristics of different types of evidence,differentiated review standards and intensities should be adopted in the review of administrative proceedings evidence which is transformed from criminal evidence.Criminal physical evidence can be directly transformed into administrative proceedings evidence.Criminal testimonial evidence and expert opinion can be transformed into administrative proceedings evidence through legal procedures.Criminal wiretap evidence cannot be transformed into administrative proceedings evidence.In accordance with the classified transformation,targeted rules should be set according to the probative value of different types of evidence.These rules include requiring verification for the use of criminal physical evidence,requiring limiting use of criminal testimonial evidence,and requiring corroboration for the use of criminal expert opinions.Moreover,in the examination of the transformation of criminal judicial evidence into administrative law enforcement evidence,the exclusionary rule must be adhered to.

关 键 词：行刑反向衔接 行政执法证据 刑事司法证据 种类范围 使用规则 

分 类 号：D918.9[政治法律—法学]