苜蓿斑蚜发育起点温度、生长发育有效积温及在宁夏发生代数  

Developmental Threshold Temperature and Effective Cumulative Temperature of Therioaphistrifolii(Monell)and its generations in Ningxia

作　　者：傅祖英 罗撄宁 苗淼 王颖[1] 张蓉[1] 班丽萍[3] 谭瑶[2] 魏淑花[1] Fu Zuying;Luo Yingning;Miao Miao;Wang Ying;Zhang Rong;Ban Liping;Tan Yao;Wei Shuhua(Institute of Plant Protection,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;College of Horticulture and Plant Protection,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia 010010;College of Grassland Science and Technology,China Agricultural University,Beijing 100193)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院植物保护研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]内蒙古农业大学园艺与植物保护学院,内蒙古呼和浩特010010 [3]中国农业大学草业科学与技术学院,北京100193

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2024年第11期88-93,共6页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-15-04);国家牧草产业技术体系—盐池综合试验站(CARS-34);宁夏自然科学基金项目(2022AAC03436)。

摘　　要：为明确苜蓿斑蚜发育起点温度、生长发育有效积温及在宁夏发生代数,采用新片圆叶法研究不同恒温(19、22、25、28℃)条件下苜蓿斑蚜的发育历期,通过计算苜蓿斑蚜各龄期的发育起点温度、生长发育有效积温,计算其在宁夏的发生代数,同时测定其存活率及种群生命表数据。结果表明,苜蓿斑蚜各龄期发育速率大体随着温度的升高而缩短。苜蓿斑蚜全若期、成蚜、世代的发育起点温度分别为7.17、9.26、6.71℃,生长发育有效积温分别为95.63、34.45、137.36℃·d,在宁夏理论上1年可发生15~27代;在19~25℃,净增殖率(R_0)、内禀增长率(r_m)、周限增长率(λ)随着温度的升高而增加,在19~28℃,平均世代周期(T)和种群加倍时间(DDP)随着温度的升高而减少。研究结果将为预测苜蓿斑蚜发生期和种群增长期提供依据,可有效预测并及时控制苜蓿斑蚜,进而提高苜蓿产量和品质,减少经济损失和保护生态环境。In order to clarify the developmental threshold temperature,effective accumulated temperature and generation of Therioaphistrifolii(Monell)in Ningxia,an experiment was conducted to study the developmental period of T.trifolii under different constant temperatures(19℃,22℃,25℃and 28℃)by the method of new round leaves,calculating its generations in Ningxia on the basis of calculating the developmental threshold temperature and effective accumulated temperature of T.trifolii in different developmental period,and at the same time,determining the survival rate and the data of the life table of the populations.The results showed that the developmental rates of the T.trifolii at all ages generally shortened with the increase of temperature.The developmental starting temperatures of T.trifolii were 7.17℃,9.26℃and 6.71℃for the whole waking stage,adult aphids and generations,respectively,and the effective cumulative temperatures were 95.63℃·d,34.45℃·d and 137.36℃·d,respectively.There could be 15~27 generations per year theoretically in Ningxia.The net reproduction rate(R0),the intrinsic rate of increase(rm),and the finite rate of increase(姿)increased with the increase of the temperatures within the range of 19~25℃,and the average generation period(T)and population doubling time(DDP)decreased with increasing temperature in the range of 19 to 28℃.The results of this study will provide a basis for predicting the occurrence and population growth period of T.trifolii,promoting effective prediction and control of T.trifolii,thereby improving alfalfa yield and quality,reducing the economic losses,and protecting the ecological environment.

关 键 词：苜蓿斑蚜 发育起点温度 有效积温 宁夏 发生代数 

分 类 号：S435.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]