改性花生壳炭对水体中氮磷的吸附特性研究  

Adsorption Properties Modified Peanut Shell Biochar for Nitrogen and Phosphorus in Water

作　　者：文金攀 赵淑蘅 胡建军[1,2] 王尚 蔺叔阳 路振洹 WEN Jinpan;ZHAO Shuheng;HU Jianjun;WANG Shang;LIN Shuyang;LU Zhenhuan(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Key Laboratory of New Materials and Equipment for Renewable Energy,Zhengzhou 450002,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学机电工程学院,河南郑州450002 [2]农业农村部可再生能源新材料与装备重点实验室,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《生物质化学工程》2025年第1期33-41,共9页Biomass Chemical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划资助项目子课题(2021YFD1700904-07);河南省科技攻关项目(232102110277)。

摘　　要：采用KOH对花生壳炭(BC)进行改性制备改性花生壳炭(MBC)并优化制备方法。利用傅里叶红外光谱(FT-IR)、扫描电镜(SEM)、比表面积及孔径测定等表征方法分析MBC的理化性质,并考察了MBC投加量、溶液初始质量浓度、吸附温度、吸附时间、溶液pH值等对MBC吸附溶液中氮磷的影响。研究结果表明:MBC制备优选条件为活化温度700℃,活化时间1 h,BC、KOH和去离子水3者之比1∶1∶25(g∶g∶mL)。该优选条件下制备的MBC的比表面积最大(488.830 m^(2)/g),约为BC的11.90倍,平均孔径为2.002 nm。相比于BC,MBC的含氧官能团增加,芳香性增强。在投加量为0.1 g、溶液pH值为7、振荡时间为24 h、吸附溶液质量浓度为100 mg/L、转速160 r/min和吸附温度30℃条件下,MBC对氯化铵溶液中铵态氮的吸附量为6.137 mg/g,比相同条件下的BC对铵态氮吸附量(2.116 mg/g)高约190%;MBC对磷酸二氢钾溶液中总磷的最大吸附量为1.731 mg/g,比相同条件下的BC对总磷吸附量(0.512 mg/g)高约238%。MBC对氮磷吸附类型均符合Langmuir模型,为单分子层吸附;吸附过程更符合准二级动力学,吸附方式主要为化学吸附。The modified peanut shell charcoal(MBC)was prepared by KOH and the preparation method was optimized.The physicochemical properties of MBC were analyzed by Fourier infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),surface area and pore size measurements,and the effects of dosage of MBC,initial mass concentration of solution,adsorption temperature,adsorption time and pH value of solution on nitrogen and phosphorus in MBC adsorption solution were investigated.The results showed that the optimum conditions for the preparation of MBC were as follows:activation temperature of 700℃,activation time of 1 h,and the ratio of BC,KOH and deionized water of 1∶1∶25(g∶g∶mL).The surface area of MBC prepared under this optimal condition was the largest(488.830 m^(2)/g),which was about 11.90 times that of BC,and the average pore diameter was 2.002 nm.Compared with BC,the oxygen-containing functional groups of MBC were increased and the aromaticity was enhanced.Under the conditions of dosage of 0.1 g,solution pH value of 7,shock time of 24 h,adsorption solution concentration of 100 mg/L,rotational speed of 160 r/min and adsorption temperature of 30℃,the maximum adsorption capacity of MBC for ammonium nitrogen in ammonium ammonide solution was 6.137 mg/g.The adsorption capacity of BC for ammonium nitrogen(2.116 mg/g)was about 190%higher than that of BC under the same conditions.The maximum adsorption capacity of MBC for total phosphorus in potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution was 1.731 mg/g,which was 238%higher than that of BC under the same condition(0.512 mg/g).The nitrogen and phosphorus adsorption types of MBC are consistent with Langmuir model,which is the monolayer adsorption.The adsorption process is more consistent with the quasi-second-order kinetics,and the adsorption method is mainly chemisorption.

关 键 词：改性生物炭 氮磷 吸附特性 动力学 等温线 

分 类 号：TQ35[化学工程] TQ424