动力性人际团体治疗对焦虑抑郁患者疗效因子的变化研究  

The change of therapeutic factors of dynamic interpersonal group therapy for anxiety and depression patients

作　　者：赵亚婷 潘胜珂[1] 仇剑崟[1] Zhao Yating;Pan Shengke;Qiu Jianyin(Psychological Services Department,Shanghai Mental Health Center,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai 200030,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属精神卫生中心心理咨询门诊部,上海200030

出　　处：《中华行为医学与脑科学杂志》2024年第12期1080-1085,共6页Chinese Journal of Behavioral Medicine and Brain Science

基　　金：上海市精神卫生中心临床研究中心重大研究计划(CRC2017YB01);上海市科委科技创新行动计划(21Y11905400);上海市精神卫生中心院级科研项目(2021-YJ08)。

摘　　要：目的通过分析动力性人际团体治疗过程中疗效因子的变化过程和特征,探索团体工作效能的变化和发展特点。方法在心理咨询门诊招募8名自愿参加团体心理治疗的患者(经精神科医生诊断为焦虑和/或抑郁且均伴有人际关系困难的主诉),进行24周的动力性人际团体心理治疗。在每次治疗结束后使用欧文·亚隆治疗因子量表简化版进行问卷调查,并于24次团体治疗结束后进行一对一的质性访谈。采用定量和定性相结合的方法,从团体成员的视角探究在团体治疗的过程中团体工作效能和各疗效因子的变化和发展,使用SPSS 23.0进行定量资料的描述性统计分析,采用扎根理论对访谈结果进行编码和分析,使用工具NVivo12进行定性资料的统计分析。结果团体的工作效能随着治疗的进展逐渐提高,在结束阶段,工作效能最高(形成阶段:2.9分,工作阶段:3.0分,结束阶段:3.2分);大部分疗效因子效能的发挥与团体进程保持一致,部分疗效因子如普遍性、指导和希望重塑等效能的发挥有其独特的变化规律。结论团体不同阶段的侧重点不同,成员参与团体治疗的时间越长,其感受到的团体效能越高;疗效因子的重要性及其效能的发挥无固定等级和规律,可能受团体性质、成员特征及治疗师所用技术的影响。Objective To explore the change and development characteristics of the efficacy of group psychotherapy through the changing process and characteristics of therapeutic factors in dynamic interpersonal group therapy.Methods Eight patients who volunteered to participate in the group were recruited in the psychological counseling clinic(diagnosed as anxiety and/or depression by psychiatrists and all accompanied with complaints of interpersonal difficulties),and were given dynamic interpersonal group psychotherapy once a week for 24 weeks.After each session,a questionnaire survey was conducted using the simplified version of the structure of Yalom's curative factor scale,and a one-on-one qualitative interview was conducted after 24 group sessions.Using quantitative and qualitative methods,the changes and development of group efficacy and therapeutic factors in the process of group therapy were explored from the perspective of group members.The interview results were encoded and analyzed by rooted theory.Quantitative descriptive statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 23.0,and qualitative statistical analyses were performed using the tool NVivo12.Results The work efficiency of the group gradually improved with the progress of treatment,and the work efficiency was the highest in the end stage(form stage:2.9,work stage:3.0,end stage:3.2).The efficacy of most therapeutic factors were consistent with the group process.The efficacy of some therapeutic factors,such as universality,guidance and infusion of hope had their own special pattern changes.Conclusions The focus of different stages of the group therapy was different,and the longer the members participate in the group therapy,the higher their perceived group efficacy.The importance and effectiveness of therapeutic factors have no fixed level and rule,which may be influenced by the nature of the group,the characteristics of the participants and the techniques used by therapists.

关 键 词：动力性人际团体心理治疗 焦虑 抑郁 团体阶段 疗效因子 团体效能 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]