“向东看”战略转型中俄罗斯重构高等教育体系研究  

The Research on the Reconstruction of Russia’s Higher Education System in the“Looking East”Strategic Transformation

作　　者：李睿思 LI Ruisi(Institute of Russian,Eastern European and Central Asian Studies,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100007,China;Research Center of Shanghai Cooperation Organization.,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100007,China)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院俄罗斯东欧中亚研究所,北京100007 [2]中国社会科学院上海合作组织研究中心,北京100007

出　　处：《吉林师范大学学报(人文社会科学版)》2025年第1期92-99,共8页Journal Of Jilin Normal University:Humanities & Social Science Edition

基　　金：中国社会科学院重大创新项目(2023YZD059);中华人民共和国财政部政策研究室委托课题;中国社会科学院智库基础研究项目。

摘　　要：近年来,俄罗斯顺应世界经济重心东移的发展趋势,不断加紧调整对内和对外战略,突出的表现之一为加快实施“向东看”战略,将俄罗斯东部与亚太地区的互动作为重点发展方向,试图通过不断针对东部地区出台新的政策和措施,打造俄罗斯在亚太地区的增长力和影响力。在“向东看”战略转型背景下,俄罗斯总统普京签署了《关于完善高等教育体系若干问题》的法令,标志着俄罗斯高等教育体系开启重构进程。2023年,俄罗斯正式脱离博洛尼亚体系,改革内容主要涉及学制、学位和教育标准等方面。文章以俄罗斯高等教育重构的措施、动因、目标和主要特点为研究对象,深入分析在不断加快“向东看”战略调整的背景下,俄罗斯高等教育改革背后的战略考量及对我国高等教育发展的启示。研究表明,为发挥教育对经济发展的促进作用,需要逐步建立和完善符合国情的现代化教育体系;坚持以科技创新引领高等教育改革;注重打造文化自信;发挥人力资本再生产对经济发展的重要推动作用。In recent years,Russia has responded to the trend of the world’s economic center shifting eastward and continuously intensified the adjustment of its domestic and foreign strategies.One prominent manifestation is the acceleration of the implementation of the“Looking East”strategy,which focuses on the interaction between eastern Russia and the Asia Pacific region as a key development direction.It attempts to create Russia’s growth and influence in the Asia Pacific region by continuously introducing new policies and measures targeting the eastern region.In the context of the“Looking East”strategic transformation,Russian President Putin signed a decree on“Several Issues Concerning the Improvement of the Higher Edu⁃cation System”,marking the beginning of the reconstruction process of Russia’s higher education system.In 2023,Russia officially departs from the Bologna system,with reforms mainly involving education sys⁃tems,degrees,and educational standards.The article takes the measures,motivations,goals,and main char⁃acteristics of the reconstruction of higher education in Russia as the research object,and deeply analyzes the strategic considerations behind the reform of higher education in Russia and its implications for the de⁃velopment of higher education in China in the context of accelerating the“Looking East”strategic adjust⁃ment.The research has shown that in order to leverage the role of education in promoting economic develop⁃ment,it is necessary to gradually establish and improve a modern education system that is in line with na⁃tional conditions.Persist in leading higher education reform with technological innovation.Focus on build⁃ing cultural confidence.Give full play to the important role of human capital reproduction in promoting eco⁃nomic development.

关 键 词：俄罗斯高等教育改革 “向东看”战略调整 高等教育现代化 

分 类 号：G649[文化科学—高等教育学]