第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根真菌多样性研究  

Study on the Diversity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere Soil of the Second Ratoon Sugarcane

作　　者：王晟 徐欣婷 杨春华 覃晓娟[2] 康贻豪 张金莲[2] 招礼军[1] 陈廷速[2] WANG Sheng;XU Xinting;YANG Chunhua;QIN Xiaojuan;KANG Yihao;ZHANG Jinlian;ZHAO Lijun;CHEN Tingsu(College of Forestry,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China;Microbiology Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning,Guangxi 530007,China;College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning,Guangxi 530004,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学林学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西农业科学院微生物研究所,广西南宁530007 [3]广西大学农学院,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2025年第2期447-459,共13页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：广西自然科学基金重点项目(No.2019GXNSFDA245013);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项(No.2023YM96,No.2021YT097)。

摘　　要：本研究旨在探究不同施肥水平下第2年宿根蔗根围土壤丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)真菌的多样性,为AM真菌在甘蔗上的应用提供理论依据。本研究以甘蔗品种桂糖29号(GT29)和桂糖58号(GT58)为试验材料,设4个施肥水平:0.0 kg/hm^(2)(A)、562.5 kg/hm^(2)(B)、1125.0 kg/hm^(2)(C)、2250.0 kg/hm^(2)(D)。研究结果表明:不同施肥水平对GT29的根系菌根侵染率有显著影响,而对GT58影响不显著。随着施肥水平的提高,AM真菌多样性和丰富度均显著下降。不同施肥水平的GT29根围土壤中共获得185个OTUs,GT58根围土壤中共获得175个OTUs。不同施肥水平下2个甘蔗品种根围土壤的优势AM真菌均为球囊霉属(Glomus)。在OTU水平对不同施肥水平甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落进行差异物种分析,发现GT29的2个差异物种均为球囊霉属,而GT58中的3个差异物种均为近明球囊霉属(Claroideoglomus)。经Mantel检验,发现土壤中的Ca、Mg含量与4个AM真菌属之间均呈极显著正相关,土壤pH与3个AM真菌属间也呈显著正相关。因此,过量施肥会使增产效果大幅降低,且造成土壤酸化及磷元素过剩,同时使甘蔗根围土壤AM真菌群落组成改变,多样性和丰富度降低,但品种间有差异;适量施肥有助于丰富土壤AM真菌的多样性,促进甘蔗产业的可持续发展。This paper aimed to explore the arbuscular mycorrhizal(AM)fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of ratoon sugarcane in the second year under different fertilization levels,and provide a theoretical basis for the application of AM fungi in sugarcane.In this study,sugarcane varieties GT29 and GT58 were used as the materials.Four fertilization levels were set:0.0 kg/hm^(2)(A),562.5 kg/hm^(2)(B),1125.0 kg/hm^(2)(C),2250.0 kg/hm^(2)(D).The results showed that different fertilization levels had significant effects on the root mycorrhizal infection rate of GT29,but had no significant effect on GT58.With the increase of fertilization level,the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly.With the increase of fertilization level,the diversity and richness of AM fungi decreased significantly.A total of 185 AM fungi OTUs were detected in GT29 and 175 in GT58.The dominant AM fungi in the rhizosphere soil of the two varieties under different fertilization levels were Glomus.The species diversity of AM fungal community in rhizosphere soil under different fertilization levels was analyzed at the OTU level.It was found that the two species of GT29 belonged to the genus Glomus,while the three species of GT58 belonged to the genus Claroidoglomus.Mantel test showed that the contents of Ca and Mg in soil were significantly positively correlated with the four genera,and the soil pH was also significantly positively correlated with the three genera.Therefore,excessive fertilization will signifi-cantly reduce the yield increase effect,cause soil acidification and excess phosphorus,and change the composition,diver-sity and richness of AM fungi community in sugarcane rhizosphere soil,but the varieties are different;Proper fertilization was helpful to enrich the diversity of soil AM fungi and promote the sustainable development of sugarcane yield.

关 键 词：甘蔗 宿根蔗 根围土壤 丛枝菌根真菌 多样性 

分 类 号：S566.1[农业科学—作物学] S154.3