黄腐酸钾对角堇生长及开花特性的影响  

Effects of Potassium Fulvate on the Growth and Flowering Characteristics of Viola cornuta L.

作　　者：何华[1] 李婉 李志敏 李鸣凤 He Hua;Li Wan;Li Zhimin;Li Mingfeng(Wuhan University of Bioengineering,Wuhan,430345)

机构地区：[1]武汉生物工程学院,武汉430345

出　　处：《腐植酸》2024年第6期60-64,89,共6页Humic Acid

基　　金：湖北省教育厅科学研究计划指导性项目(项目编号B2022303);常见蔬菜氮磷钾最佳施肥量及比例研究(校级项目)。

摘　　要：以盆栽“果汁冰糕”蓝紫色角堇为试验材料,在常规施肥的基础上,设置5个黄腐酸钾施用量(0、20、40、60和80 mg/盆)处理,研究不同用量黄腐酸钾对盆栽角堇形态指标、光合色素和开花特性的影响,筛选出黄腐酸钾在盆栽角堇上的合理施用量。结果表明,随着黄腐酸钾施用量从0增至40 mg/盆,角堇的株高、分蘖数、叶片面积和单株鲜重均呈显著增加的趋势,增幅分别为33.84%、40.91%、37.60%和25.06%;角堇的叶绿素a含量和类胡萝卜素含量分别显著增加29.27%和36.50%;单朵角堇花面积和单株角堇开花数分别显著增加53.54%和47.95%。黄腐酸钾施用量从0增至60 mg/盆,角堇的花鲜重显著增加90.14%。黄腐酸钾施用量从40 mg/盆增至80 mg/盆,角堇的形态指标和光合色素增幅较小。综上所述,黄腐酸钾在一定的程度上可以促进角堇的生长和开花,从少肥促效角度来看,优先选择黄腐酸钾施用量40 mg/盆为宜。In order to screen the most suitable application amount of potassium fulvate for the growth of Viola cornuta L.,the cultivated variety of"Juice ice cream"with bluish violet was used as the experimental material.Basis on conventional fertilization,five application amounts of potassium fulvate(O,20,40,60,and 80 mg/pot)were used to study the effects of potassium fulvate on morphological indicators,photosynthetic pigments,and flowering characteristics of potted Viola cornuta L..The results showed that as the application amount of potassium fulvate application increased from O to 40 mg/pot,the height,tiller number,leaf area and fresh weight of each plant of Viola cornuta L.showed a significant increase trend,with increases of 33.84%,40.91%,37.60%and 25.06%,respectively.At the same time,the chlorophyll a and carotenoid content of Viola cornuta L.significantly increased by 29.27%and 36.50%,respectively.The single flower area and number of flowers per plant significantly increased by 53.54%and 47.95%,respectively.When the application amount of potassium fulvate increased from O to 60 mg/pot,the fresh weight of the flowers per plant significantly increased by 90.14%.The application amount of potassium fulvate increased from 40 to 80 mg/pot,and the morphological indicators and photosynthetic pigments of Viola cornuta L.showed a relatively small increase.In summary,potassium fulvate could promote the growth and flowering of Viola cornuta L.to a certain extent.The preferred application amount of potassium fulvate was 40 mg/pot,from the perspective of promoting efficiency with less fertilizer.

关 键 词：黄腐酸钾 角堇 生长 开花 

分 类 号：TQ314.1[化学工程—高聚物工业] S682[农业科学—观赏园艺]