农村集体经济组织准成员权利限缩的反思与修正  

Reflection and Revision on the Restriction of the Rights of Semi-members of Rural Collective Economic Organization

作　　者：黄小佳 HUANG Xiao-jia

机构地区：[1]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆渝北区401120

出　　处：《山东农业大学学报(社会科学版)》2024年第4期38-45,169,共9页Journal of Shandong Agricultural University(Social Science Edition)

基　　金：西南政法大学2023年度学生科研创新项目“农村集体经济组织的民主决策机制研究”(2023XZXS-063)。

摘　　要：《农村集体经济组织法(草案)》(二次审议稿)第16条在一审稿的基础上,采用正面列举的方式对准成员权利范围进一步限缩,此种限缩趋势亦体现在规范落地实践的过程中。出于维护集体资产的静态安全或保障成员权利免受侵害的考量均无法为准成员权利限缩提供正当依据。反之,应对准成员权利空间予以扩张,这既满足乡村人才振兴战略的实施需求,亦顺应成员权利的身份属性与财产属性分化的趋势,同时存在丰富的地方实践基础。在制度构造方面,应剥离成员核心保障性权利并增加准成员救济性权利,同时为适应准成员主体多元化的发展趋势,采用负面清单与准成员登记簿的规范模式,以期在“稳慎推进”的改革思想下,使准成员制度效益最大化。Article 16 of the Rural Collective Economic Organizations Law(The Second Draft)further restricts the scope of semi-members'rights by means of positive enumeration on the basis of the first draft,and this restriction trend is also reflected in the process of regulated implementations.Neither the need to maintain the static security of collective assets nor to protect the rights of members from infringement can provide a justification for the limitation of the rights of semi-members.On the contrary,the space for the rights of semi-members should be expanded,which not only meets the implementation needs of the rural talent revitalization strategy,but also conforms to the trend of differentiation of identity and property attributes of members'rights.In terms of institutional structure,the core protective rights of members should be stripped and the remedial rights of semi-members should be increased,and at the same time,in order to adapt to the development trend of diversification of semi-members,the normative model of negative list and semi-member register should be adopted.It is hoped to maximize the benefits of the semi-member system under the reform idea of"steady and prudent progress".

关 键 词：农村集体经济组织法 准成员 权利限缩 权利扩张 乡村人才振兴 

分 类 号：F321.32[经济管理—产业经济] D923[政治法律—民商法学]