海洋工业大气环境下输电线路塔材腐蚀行为及力学性能研究  

Corrosion Behavior and Mechanical Properties of Transmission Line Tower Materials in Marine Industrial Atmosphere

作　　者：李航[1,2] 李新梅[1,2] 杨现臣 张泽疆 杨定力 LI Hang;LI Xinmei;YANG Xianchen;ZHANG Zejiang;YANG Dingli(College of Materials Science and Engineering,Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830049,China;College of Intelligent Manufacturing and Modern Industry(College of Mechanical Engineering),Xinjiang University,Urumqi 830049,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆大学材料科学与工程学院,乌鲁木齐830049 [2]新疆大学智能制造现代产业学院(机械工程学院),乌鲁木齐830049

出　　处：《表面技术》2025年第2期87-95,共9页Surface Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52161017);新疆维吾尔自治区天山英才计划资助项目(201720025)。

摘　　要：目的研究Q345钢和SQ420NH钢在模拟海洋工业大气环境下的腐蚀动力学规律、锈层演化规律和力学性能退化规律,着重对比探讨两种低合金钢在腐蚀规律方面表现出的差异性。方法采用干/湿交替循环盐雾腐蚀试验模拟海洋工业大气环境,通过扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、电化学测试和电子万能试验机等手段,分析总结低合金钢加速腐蚀行为规律和腐蚀机理。结果两种低合金钢腐蚀动力学均符合幂函数规律,腐蚀后期SQ420NH钢腐蚀深度显著低于Q345钢。Q345钢表面锈层疏松多孔,腐蚀中期有裂纹、孔洞产生,而SQ420NH钢中后期表面锈层则整体较为致密均匀。两种低合金钢腐蚀产物都以α-FeOOH、β-FeOOH、γ-FeOOH、Fe_(3)O_(4)/γ-Fe_(2)O_(3)为主,各腐蚀产物相对含量随腐蚀周期变化而有所差异。随着腐蚀周期的延长,Q345钢和SQ420NH钢表面锈层不断增厚,引起低合金钢塔材强度和塑性下降,低合金钢强度退化大小与锈层累积厚度呈负相关关系。腐蚀加快裂纹扩展,使腐蚀位置出现随机性。结论干/湿交替循环盐雾腐蚀试验加速效果明显,通过腐蚀动力学、表面锈层形貌及成分、力学性能等分析,能够对低合金钢腐蚀规律和腐蚀机理进行比较全面的表征,从而为海洋工业大气环境下输电杆塔防腐蚀设计和维护提供一定的参考。The marine industrial atmospheric environment formed by industrial pollution in coastal areas is harsher and more complex than the general atmospheric environment.This paper aims to study the corrosion kinetics,rust layer evolution and mechanical property degradation of Q345 steel and SQ420NH steel used for transmission towers under simulated marine industrial atmospheric environments.The differences of corrosion rules between two kinds of low alloy steels were discussed.The dry/wet alternating cycle salt spray corrosion test was adopted to simulate the marine industrial atmospheric environment.The design of the dry/wet alternating salt spray test method better reproduced the corrosion process of steel under the real atmospheric environment.By means of scanning electron microscope,X-ray diffractometer,electrochemical test and electronic universal testing machine,the accelerated corrosion behavior,corrosion mechanism and mechanical property degradation of low alloy steel were analyzed and summarized.The results showed that the corrosion kinetics of the two kinds of low alloy steels conformed to the power function law,and the corrosion depth of Q345 steel and SQ420NH steel was close at the initial corrosion stage.As the corrosion continued,the corrosion depth of SQ420NH steel was significantly lower than that of Q345 steel.The rust layer formed by low alloy steel had a certain protective effect on the substrate,and the protective effect of SQ420NH steel was better than that of Q345 steel.The surface rust layer of Q345 steel was loose and porous,accompanied by holes and cracks in the middle stage of corrosion,while the surface rust layer of SQ420NH steel in the middle and late stage was relatively uniform and dense.The content of Cl and S elements on the surface of Q345 steel was higher than that of SQ420NH steel,indicating that Q345 steel had strong adsorption effect on corrosive media.The corrosion products of the two low alloy steels were mainlyα-FeOOH,β-FeOOH,γ-FeOOH,Fe_(3)O_(4)/γ-Fe_(2)O_(3).The relative co

关 键 词：海洋工业大气 输电线路 低合金钢 腐蚀行为 锈层演化 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG174.4[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]