德国“MINT计划”集群发展模式及其启示  

The Research on the Cluster Development Model of German MINT Action Plan

作　　者：刘莹[1] 王建华[2] LIU Ying;WANG Jian-hua(College of Education,Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,Henan,450001;School of Educational Sciences,Nanjing Normal University,Nanjing,Jiangsu,210097)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学教育学院,河南郑州450001 [2]南京师范大学教育科学学院,江苏南京210097

出　　处：《清华大学教育研究》2024年第6期72-82,共11页Tsinghua Journal of Education

基　　金：2024年全国教育科学规划国家一般项目“中西部地区农村大学毕业生高质量就业实现路径研究”(BIA240127)。

摘　　要：面对社会高层次科技人才需求以及MINT学科教学资源匮乏的状况,德国通过推行MINT行动计划,优化教育改革,以促进创新型人才的迭代培养。该计划运用集群发展模式,整合各方MINT教育资源,打破各自为政的教育资源投入方式。该模式在形式、内容、范围、功能、对象五个层面显现出合作、质量、家庭支持、研究和行动等核心价值。该模式重点面向青少年和儿童、专业人员、女性及社会行业等目标对象群体,以实用型活动机制为这些群体提供了学习机会并助其实现能力优化。整体上,MINT行动计划及其集群发展模式在明确政府宏观统合推动下突出集群发展导向,以及推进以目标对象需求为导向的学科统合发展两方面具有启示和借鉴意义。Facing the demand for high-level professional talents and the lack of teaching resources for MINT subjects,Germany has strengthened the reform of MINT education by implementing the MINT action plan to form the iterative training of innovative talents.The plan creatively uses the clus-ter development model,integrates the MINT educational resources from the society,and breaks the way of investing in educational resources that are independent of each other.The model demonstrates its core values,namely cooperation,quality,family support,research and action,in five aspects:form,content,scope,function and target.The model focuses on four target groups:adolescents and children,professionals,women,and social industries.It adopts a practical activity mechanism to pro-vide learning opportunities for these groups and help them optimize their capabilities.According to the analysis,the corresponding inspiration and reference can be obtained from two aspects:highlighting the cluster development orientation under the clear macro integration promotion of the government,as well as promoting the integrated development of disciplines guided by the needs of target objects.

关 键 词：德国 MINT行动计划 集群 发展模式 STEM教育 

分 类 号：G649.1[文化科学—高等教育学]