黄海黑泥湾近岸水体动能变化分析  

Analysis of the Kinetic Energy Variation in Nearshore Waters of the Heini Bay in the Yellow Sea

作　　者：凡仁福 魏皓 赵亮 聂红涛 FAN Renfu;WEI Hao;ZHAO Liang;NIE Hongtao(Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 571126,China;Yazhou Bay Innovation Institute,Hainan Tropical Ocean University,Sanya 572025,China;School of Marine Science and Technology,Tianjin University,Tianjin 300072,China;College of Marine and Environmental Science,Tianjin University of Science and Technology,Tianjin 300457,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海南海口571126 [2]海南热带海洋学院崖州湾创新研究院,海南三亚572025 [3]天津大学海洋科学与技术学院,天津300072 [4]天津科技大学海洋与环境学院,天津300457

出　　处：《海洋科学进展》2025年第1期106-117,共12页Advances in Marine Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(42106026);海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(421RC1105)。

摘　　要：清晰地认识近岸水体动能变化规律是理解物质输运的基础和前提。本文基于黄海黑泥湾北侧海域冬季、夏季观测的风、波浪和海流等数据,研究近岸水体动能对风、波浪和潮等过程的响应。观测期间研究海域出现了风速大于10 m/s的大风过程。涌浪主导了该海域的波浪变化。冬季、夏季观测到的最大流速分别为0.35和0.45 m/s,流速剖面无垂向分层,EW向往复型半日潮流控制总流速变化。冬季涨、落潮阶段的水体动能峰值基本相当,约为2.49×10^(-2)m^(2)/s^(2),夏季落潮阶段的水体动能峰值较大,约为6.09×10^(-2)m^(2)/s^(2)。潮流致水体动能呈周期性变化特征。大风过程的出现未对潮流注入明显的能量。大风能量不断用于生成风生余流使水体余动能增大了约4.3倍。海底拖曳变化与大风强迫无关,但响应强波浪过程。Understanding the variation characteristics of kinetic energy in nearshore waters is essential for comprehending material transport.This study investigates the response of kinetic energy in nearshore waters to the forcing of wind,waves,and tides based on winter and summer observations in the northern area of the Heini Bay in the Yellow Sea.During the observation period,there were strong winds with speed exceeding 10 m/s.Swells dominated the wave variations in the area.During winter and summer,the maximum flow velocities were 0.35 m/s and 0.45 m/s,respectively,and the velocity profile showed little vertical stratification and the east-west oscillating semi-diurnal tidal currents controlled the overall velocity changes.The peak values of kinetic energy during the flood and ebb tide stages in winter were approximately 2.49×10^(-2) m^(2)/s^(2),while that during the ebb tide stage in summer were larger,which was approximately 6.09×10^(-2) m^(2)/s^(2).The kinetic energy induced by the tidal currents exhibited the characteristics of periodic variations.The occurrence of the strong wind events did not significantly input energy into the tidal currents.The energy from the strong wind events continuously contributed to the generation of wind-driven residual currents,resulting in an increase in residual kinetic energy by approximately 4.3 times.The variations of bottom drag were not related to the strong wind forcing but were responsive to intense wave processes.

关 键 词：水体动能 风 波浪 潮流 黄海 黑泥湾 

分 类 号：P731.2[天文地球—海洋科学]