丁基三氯化锡催化合成抗氧剂618的工艺  

Synthesis process of antioxidant 618 catalyzed by butyl tin trichloride

作　　者：汤善普 袁诚威 苏畅 TANG Shanpu;YUAN Chengwei;SU Chang(College of Chemical Engineering,Shenyang University of Chemical Technology,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning Province,China)

机构地区：[1]沈阳化工大学化学工程学院,辽宁沈阳110000

出　　处：《化学工程》2025年第1期48-53,共6页Chemical Engineering(China)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51573099);辽宁省科技厅基金资助项目(LJ2020004,LJ2020005)。

摘　　要：为进一步改善抗氧剂618的合成工艺条件,从有机锡催化剂当中选择出综合性能较好的催化剂,并对其催化合成抗氧剂618的工艺条件进行优化,而后进一步探究化合物的结构对其催化性能的影响。结果表明:丁基三氯化锡的综合性能最好,其优化后所得最佳工艺条件为n(季戊四醇)∶n(亚磷酸三乙酯)∶n(十八醇)的投料摩尔比为1∶2.15∶2;催化剂的添加量是季戊四醇质量的4%,第1步的反应温度为120℃,第2步反应温度为160℃;反应总时间为5h。丁基三氯化锡作为反应的催化剂,氯原子的吸电子效应使得中心锡原子所处位置的电子云密度较低,其Lewis酸性较强,催化活性较高。且氯化锡类化合物当中取代基团的吸电子效应越强,其化合物的Lewis酸性越强,相应的催化性能越好;同时取代基的空间位阻越小,其催化性能越好。In order to further improve the synthesis process conditions of antioxidant 618,a catalyst with better overall performance was selected among organotin catalysts.The process conditions of catalytic synthesis of antioxidant 618 were optimized,and then the influence of structure of the compound on its catalytic performance was further explored.The results show that butyl tin trichloride has the best comprehensive performance,and the optimum process conditions are as follows:the molar ratio of pentaerythritol,triethyl phosphite and octadecyl alcohol is 12.152.The amount of catalyst added is 4%of the mass of pentaerythritol.The reaction temperature of the first step is 120℃,and the second reaction temperature is 160℃.The total reaction time is 5 h.As the catalyst of the reaction,the electron absorption effect of the chlorine atom makes the electron cloud at the position of the central tin atom less dense,its Lewis acid is stronger,and the catalytic activity is higher.The stronger the electron absorption effect of the substituent groups in tin chloride compounds,the stronger the Lewis acidity of the compounds,and the better the catalytic performance.At the same time,the smaller the steric hindrance of substituents,the better the catalytic performance.

关 键 词：抗氧剂 有机锡 丁基三氯化锡 LEWIS酸 季戊四醇二亚磷酸双十八酯 

分 类 号：TQ426[化学工程]