乡村公厕变迁中的文明发展与文化传承研究  

Research on the Development of Civilization and Cultural Inheritance in the Transformation of Rural Public Toilets

作　　者：魏欣超 

机构地区：[1]湛江科技学院

出　　处：《建筑与文化》2025年第1期192-195,共4页Architecture & Culture

基　　金：2022年度广东省哲学社会科学规划项目:基于“三生空间”的粤西乡土文化景观韧性与存续研究(项目编号:GD22XYS33)。

摘　　要：乡村公厕建设水平是衡量地域文明程度的标尺,富有地域特色的景观公厕是提升乡村观光与文化体验的基础。公厕的标准化建设削弱了乡村文化的承载力,乡村公共空间趋于相同。文章通过梳理乡村公厕文明的发展历程,提出以公厕景观化来规避同质化问题,从而为乡村文化的存续创造条件。文章总结了乡村文化资源在公厕设计中的有效管理及应用,构建了具有特色的公共空间。这些空间不仅对内提升了村民的文化认同感,还对外增加了差异化的文化体验感。以雷州半岛乡村公厕的优化设计为例,文章进一步提出了乡村公厕应融合在地文化,促使“公厕文明”向“公厕文化”转变,为乡村文化的发展探索出多元存续的路径。The level of rural public toilet construction is a yardstick for measuring the degree of regional civilization,and landscape public toilets with regional characteristics are the basis for improving rural tourism and cultural experience.Standardized construction of public toilets weakens the carrying capacity of rural culture,and rural public spaces tend to be the same.By sorting out the development process of rural public toilet civilization,the landscape of public toilets is used to avoid homogeneity and create conditions for the survival of rural culture.The effective management of rural cultural resources is summarized and applied to the design of public toilets to construct characteristic public spaces,which can enhance the cultural identity of villagers internally and increase the differentiated cultural experience externally.Taking the optimization design of rural public toilets in Leizhou Peninsula as an example,it is proposed that rural public toilets integrate local culture,promote the transformation of"public toilet civilization"to"public toilet culture",and explore diversified survival paths for rural cultural development.

关 键 词：乡村公厕 公厕文明 公厕文化 雷州半岛 景观公厕 

分 类 号：TU242.9[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论]