高压电场作用下变压器油烃组成的变化  

CHANGE OF COMPOSITION OF TRANSFORMER OIL UNDER HIGH VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELD

作　　者：于会民 王会娟 张绮 卢新玲 张培恒 杨雪 陈华 Yu Huimin;Wang Huijuan;Zhang Qi;Lu Xinling;Zang Peiheng;Yang Xue;Chen Hua(PetroChina Lanzhou Lubricating Oil R&D Institute,Karamay,Xinjiang 834003;PetroChina Lubricant Key Laboratory;PetroChina Liaohe Lubricant Blending Plant;PetroChina Karamay Lubricant Blending Plant)

机构地区：[1]中国石油兰州润滑油研究开发中心,新疆克拉玛依834003 [2]中国石油润滑油重点实验室 [3]中国石油辽河润滑油厂 [4]中国石油克拉玛依润滑油厂

出　　处：《石油炼制与化工》2025年第2期116-122,共7页Petroleum Processing and Petrochemicals

摘　　要：为了考察局部放电作用下变压器油组成变化及其对绝缘性能的影响,在高压电场作用下分别对氮气或氢气吹扫(置换油中溶解气体)后的变压器油进行放电试验,观察不同电离时间后变压器油的密度、黏度、结构族组成和烃类族组成的变化。结果表明:随着电离时间的增加,变压器油的密度和运动黏度逐渐增大,说明在电场作用下变压器油中生成了相对分子质量较大的大分子物质;随着电离时间的增加,变压器油的芳烃含量逐渐降低、环烷烃含量逐渐增加,说明在高压电场的作用下,变压器油中的芳烃向环烷烃转化;随着电离时间的增加,变压器油的饱和烃中链烷烃含量略有降低,环烷烃含量略有增加;环烷烃中,一环至三环环烷烃含量略有降低,四环和五环环烷烃含量略有增加;芳烃中,双环芳烃含量明显降低,单环芳烃含量明显增加;变压器油的介质损耗因数增大,抗析气性能降低,说明变压器油的绝缘性能随着电离时间的增加而不断下降。In order to investigate the change of transformer oil composition and its insulation performance under partial discharge,the transformer oil after nitrogen or hydrogen purging(replacing dissolved gas in oil)was carried out discharge test under the high voltage electric field,and the change of density,viscosity,carbon type composition and hydrocarbon group composition of transformer oil after different ionization time was observed.The results show that the density and viscosity of transformer oil increase gradually with the increase of ionization time,which indicates that macromolecular substances with higher molecular weight are formed in transformer oil under the electric field.With the increase of ionization time,the aromatics content of transformer oil gradually decreases and the naphthene content gradually increases,which indicates that under the high voltage electric field,the aromatics in transformer oil will transform into naphthene.With the increase of ionization time,the content of alkanes in the saturated hydrocarbon of transformer oil decreases slightly,and the content of cycloalkanes increases slightly.In naphthenic hydrocarbons,the content of monocyclic to tricyclic cycloalkanes decreased slightly,while the content of tetracyclic and pentacyclic cycloalkanes increased slightly.In aromatic hydrocarbons,the content of bicyclic aromatic hydrocarbons decreased significantly,while the content of monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons increased significantly.The dielectric loss factor of transformer oil increases and the anti-gassing property decreases,indicating that the insulation property of transformer oil decreases with the increase of ionization time.

关 键 词：变压器油 高压电场 电离 烃类组成 

分 类 号：TM4[电气工程—电器]