海域养殖公共资源治理困境与制度创新——以中国最大天然蚝苗繁育基地钦州湾为例  

Dilemma and Institutional Innovation of Public Resources Governance in Marine Aquaculture:A Case Study of the Largest Natural Oyster Seedling Breeding Base in Qinzhou Bay,China

作　　者：孙翔 黄秋蓉 董战峰 SUN Xiang;HUANG Qiurong;DONG Zhanfeng(College of Resources,Environment and Materials,Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection,Education Department of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,Guangxi University,Nanning Guangxi 530004,China;Chinese Academy of Environmental Planning,Beijing 100041,China)

机构地区：[1]广西大学资源环境与材料学院,广西南宁530004 [2]广西大学广西高校环境保护重点实验室,广西南宁530004 [3]生态环境部环境规划院,北京100041

出　　处：《生态经济》2025年第2期195-202,共8页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“高密度大蚝筏式养殖与生态环境耦合关系及调控机理——以广西钦州湾为例”(71964002);国家社会科学基金重大项目“加快推进生态环境治理体系和治理能力现代化研究”(20&ZD092)。

摘　　要：海域养殖公共资源治理在经济发展和环境保护的矛盾中日渐复杂。海域养殖公共空间资源作为公共池塘资源,在政府集权监管达不到预期效果的情况下,其开放性、公共性、非排他性、高利润性极易导致养殖空间超过海洋环境容量和生态承载力盲目快速扩张,养殖活动陷入集体行动的困境。根据奥斯特罗姆多中心治理理论,围绕新制度的供给、可信承诺、相互监督三个核心问题,论文提出破解海域养殖公共资源治理困境的制度创新,借助制度分析与发展—社会生态系统(IAD-SES)组合框架分析广西钦州湾公共养殖海域资源治理问题,并提出有效的资源治理途径消除公地悲剧带来的影响,为海域公共养殖空间资源的管理、海洋资源合理规划和利用提供理论参考。In the contradiction between economic development and environmental protection,public resources governance in marine aquaculture is becoming more and more complicated.Public resources in marine aquaculture are public pond resource with the openness,publicity,non-excludability and high-profitability.When the government’s centralized supervision fails to achieve the expected results,it can easily lead to the blind and rapid expansion of aquaculture space beyond the marine environmental capacity and ecological carrying capacity and cause the collective action dilemma.In this study,institutional innovation was proposed to solve the dilemma of public resources governance in marine aquaculture according to Ostrom’s polycentric governance theory with three core issues(the supply of new system,credible commitment and mutual supervision).With the help of IAD-SES(institutional analysis and development-social ecosystem)combination framework,the problem of public aquaculture resources governance in Qinzhou Bay,Guangxi was analyzed to propose effective governance approaches that can eliminate the impact of the tragedy of the commons,so as to provide theoretical reference for public resources governance in marine aquaculture and the rational planning and utilization of marine resources.

关 键 词：海域养殖 公地悲剧 公共池塘资源 多中心治理 可持续发展 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X196