亚硝盐脱硫剂在特超稠油热采油田适用性研究  

Study on Applicability of Nitrite Desulfurizer in Super Heavy Oil Thermal Recovery Oilfield

作　　者：王贺昌 任育阳 徐铖 胡廷 王晶 WANG Hechang;REN Yuyang;XU Cheng;HU Ting;WANG Jing(Cnooc(Tianjin)Oilfield Chemical Co.,Ltd.,Tianjin 300450,China)

机构地区：[1]中海油(天津)油田化工有限公司,天津300450

出　　处：《广州化工》2025年第2期164-166,173,共4页GuangZhou Chemical Industry

摘　　要：特超稠油热采油田开采工况温度较高,导致原油中含硫有机物分解、原油与硫酸盐热化学氧化还原反应,生成高浓度硫化氢,对油田设备运行及人员安全构成重大威胁。通常油田采用液态法脱硫措施,对油田硫化氢进行治理,但液态法脱硫药剂普遍碱性较强,加之特超稠油热采工况温度较高,易导致水体结垢,影响油田生产设备运行。亚硝酸盐具有适宜氧化型,可通过氧化还原反应将硫化氢转化为无害产物,达到脱除硫化氢的效果,且对比传统脱硫剂,亚硝酸盐碱性明显减弱,可避免水体结垢风险。因此,笔者从脱硫效果、硫容量、水体结垢风险、药剂自腐蚀性、油田现场应用方面详细探究了亚硝酸盐用作特超稠油油田脱硫剂的可行性。证实亚硝盐类脱硫剂在特超稠油热采工况条件下具有脱硫速度快、硫容高的优点。油田现场应用试验结果表明,亚硝盐类脱硫剂在加注浓度为200 mg/kg条件下,可实现全流程设备覆盖气硫化氢低于10×10^(-6),脱硫率大于95%的硫化氢治理效果,且不加重油田腐蚀结垢趋势。The high temperature in the super-heavy oil thermal production oilfield leads to the decomposition of sulfur-containing organic compounds in crude oil and the thermal oxidation-reduction reaction between crude oil and sulfate,generating high concentrations of hydrogen sulfide,which poses a major threat to the operation of oilfield equipment and personnel safety.In general,oilfields use liquid desulfurization measures to deal with hydrogen sulfide in oilfields,but the desulfurization agents used in liquid desulfurization are generally strongly alkaline.In addition,the high temperature in the super-heavy oil thermal production condition is likely to cause scaling of water bodies,affecting the operation of oilfield production equipment.Nitrite has a suitable oxidizing type,which can convert hydrogen sulfide into harmless products through oxidation-reduction reactions to achieve the goal of removing hydrogen sulfide.Compared with traditional desulfurization agents,the alkalinity of nitrite was significantly reduced,which can avoid the risk of scaling in water bodies.Therefore,the feasibility of using nitrite as a desulfurization agent for super-heavy oil oilfields in was explored detail from the perspectives of desulfurization effect,sulfur capacity,water scaling risk,self-corrosion of the desulfurization agent,and on-site application of oilfields.The results showed that nitrite-based desulfurization agents had the advantages of fast desulfurization speed and high sulfur capacity in the thermal production condition of super-heavy oil oilfields.The on-site application test results showed that the nitrite-based desulfurization agent can achieve a sulfur removal rate of more than 95%and a total flow equipment coverage of less than 10×10^(-6)of hydrogen sulfide by adding 200 mg/kg of the agent,without aggravating the corrosion and scaling trend of the oilfield.

关 键 词：亚硝酸盐 硫化氢治理 特超稠油热采油田 

分 类 号：TE39[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]