生活方式轨迹对老年人抑郁的影响研究  

Research on the Influence of Lifestyle Trajectories on Depression in Older Adults

作　　者：王殿玺 WANG Dianxi(Beijing Sport University,Beijing 100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2025年第1期35-46,共12页China Sport Science and Technology

基　　金：中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(2024ZLYJ005)。

摘　　要：基于2018年中国老年人健康长寿影响因素调查数据,运用序列分析方法考察生活方式轨迹对老年人抑郁的纵向影响及其作用机制。研究发现:与过去相比,各出生队列在2018年不吸烟、不喝酒比例有所上升,经常锻炼身体比例增加;但从队列比较角度来看,晚出生队列比早出生队列不吸烟、不喝酒比例更低,经常锻炼身体比例更高,提示生活方式的转变是个体老龄化和社会变化双重作用的结果。模型分析发现,生活方式状态轨迹对老年人抑郁具有显著影响。相对于“不健康生活方式型”,“不经常锻炼型”老年人的抑郁程度更高,而“健康生活方式型”老年人的抑郁程度更低。受教育年限在生活方式轨迹和老年人抑郁的关系中发挥显著调节作用。随着受教育年限的增加,“不经常锻炼型”和“健康生活方式型”老年人的抑郁得分降低,从而缓解老年人的抑郁症状,但这种改善作用对“健康生活方式型”老年人更为明显。必须树立全生命周期的健康生活方式管理理念,实施全面的健康生活方式促进方法,避免多种并行的生活方式风险行为发生。Based on the data of the Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey in 2018,the longitudinal effect of lifestyle trajectory on depression of older adults and its mechanism were investigated by using sequence analysis method.The study found that compared with the past,the proportion of non-smokers and non-drinkers in each birth cohort has increased in 2018,and the proportion of regular exercise has also increased,but the proportion of non-smokers and non-drinkers in the late-born cohort is lower than that in the early-born cohort,and the proportion of regular exercise is higher,suggesting that the changes in lifestyle are the result of aging and social change.Model analysis found that the lifestyle trajectory has a significant effect on depression in older adults.Compared with the“unhealthy lifestyle type”,“inactive type”older adults have higher levels of depression,while“healthy lifestyle type”older adults have lower levels.Years of schooling play a significant moderating role in the relationship between the lifestyle trajectory and depression in older adults.With the increase of years of schooling,the depression scores of“infrequent exercise type”and“healthy lifestyle type”older adults becoming lower,thereby alleviating depression symptoms in older adults,but the improvement is more pronounced for the“healthy lifestyle”older adults.Therefore,it is necessary to establish a healthy lifestyle management concept for the whole life cycle,implement a comprehensive healthy lifestyle promotion method,and avoid multiple concurrent lifestyle risk behaviors.

关 键 词：生活方式轨迹 老年人 抑郁 序列分析 

分 类 号：G804.8[文化科学—运动人体科学]