高寒生态脆弱区露天矿山碳排放核算模型研究  

Research on carbon emission accounting model for open-pit mines in alpine ecologically fragile areas

作　　者：李国清[1,2] 白斌 李桂奇 关凯[3] 侯杰 林春平[4] LI Guoqing;BAI Bin;LI Guiqi;GUAN Kai;HOU Jie;LIN Chunping(School of Resources and Safety Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Key Laboratory of Ministry of Education for Efficient Mining and Safety of Metal Mines,Beijing 100083,China;Center for Rock Instability and Seismicity Research,Northeastern University,Shenyang 110819,China;Tibet Julong Copper Company Limited,Lasa 850200,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学资源与安全工程学院,北京100083 [2]金属矿山高效开采与安全教育部重点实验室,北京100083 [3]东北大学岩石破裂与失稳研究所,沈阳110819 [4]西藏巨龙铜业有限公司,拉萨850200

出　　处：《工程科学学报》2025年第3期430-440,共11页Chinese Journal of Engineering

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划资助项目(2022YFC2903905);国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074022)。

摘　　要：为了准确掌握高寒生态脆弱区露天矿山的碳排放量,亟需建立一套体系完整、科学可行的核算方法,全面量化矿山生产作业的直接碳排放和生态扰动所导致的间接碳排放.通过分析高寒生态脆弱区露天矿山的碳循环机制,基于生命周期理论界定了露天矿山开采活动的碳排放核算边界,通过梳理矿山开采、运输、选矿和辅助等环节的直接和间接碳排放过程,厘清了高寒生态脆弱区露天矿山的碳源、碳汇结构,编制了矿山的碳排放源清单.在此基础上,充分考虑矿山开采活动对高寒生态脆弱区的扰动,以及高海拔对矿山设备的能耗影响,构建了基于露天矿山生产环节及矿区碳汇变化的碳排放核算模型.以西藏某露天金属矿山为工程背景开展模型应用,计算出该矿2023年的碳排放总量为1.76295·10^(5)t CO_(2),为高寒生态脆弱区露天矿山开采活动的碳排放核算提供了理论依据.To accurately measure carbon emissions from open-pit mines in alpine ecologically fragile areas,a rigorous and comprehensive accounting method is essential.This method must account for both direct emissions from mining operations and indirect emissions from ecological disturbances.The unique challenges of high-altitude environments require a sophisticated carbon accounting approach that tracks emissions from both mining activities and their broader ecological impacts on carbon sinks and sources.This study begins by examining the carbon cycle mechanisms unique to open-pit mines in these fragile regions,characterized by high altitudes,low temperatures,and delicate ecosystems susceptible to disturbances.Leveraging life cycle theory,we define the accounting boundaries to encompass all stages of the mining life cycle,namely extraction,transportation,beneficiation,and auxiliary processes.A key aspect of this research is the meticulous examination of direct and indirect carbon emissions across various mining stages.The energy-intensive nature of mining,along with the substantial transportation requirements over challenging terrains,significantly contributes to the carbon footprint.Additionally,beneficiation processes involving the separation and refinement of raw materials are highly energy-consuming,increasing indirect emissions.By mapping these processes and analyzing their carbon emission contributions,we enhance the understanding of the carbon cycle’s impact owing to high-altitude mining.The study also elucidates the structure of carbon sources and sinks within these fragile ecosystems.We compile a detailed carbon emission source inventory for open-pit mines,providing a comprehensive reference for emission sources and natural carbon sinks,such as soil and vegetation,potentially compromised by mining activities.This inventory is instrumental in developing a more precise accounting model.We have developed a carbon emission accounting model that integrates mining production stages with changes in carbon sinks owing t

关 键 词：高寒生态脆弱区 露天矿山 碳排放核算 碳汇 碳循环机制 

分 类 号：TD804[矿业工程—矿山开采]