趾墩-梯形墩联合消能工水力特性  

Hydraulic Characteristics of Chute Block-Trapezoidal Block Joint Dissipator

作　　者：赵乾 牧振伟[1,2] 周凯 高尚 张红红 ZHAO Qian;MU Zhen-wei;ZHOU Kai;GAO Shang;ZHANG Hong-hong(College of Hydraulic and Civil Engineering,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China;Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Hydraulic Engineering Security and Water Disasters Prevention,Urumqi 830052,China;Water Conservancy and Hydropower Survey Design and Research Institute of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830000,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学水利与土木工程学院,乌鲁木齐830052 [2]新疆水利工程安全与水灾害防治重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052 [3]新疆水利水电勘测设计研究院,乌鲁木齐830000

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第1期120-128,共9页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52269019);新疆维吾尔自治区高校科研计划创新团队项目(XJEDU2017T004)。

摘　　要：针对原消力池流态紊乱、水面波动大,形成的远驱式水跃对护坦造成冲刷破坏等问题,采取趾墩-梯形墩联合消能的方式,对水力特性展开研究。通过模型试验结合数值模拟方法,研究了不同流量下的消能变化规律,分析了水流能量转化过程,计算了流速减速比。结果表明:趾墩-梯形墩联合消能工,当双排梯形墩交错布置时,在3种流量工况下,减速比分别为60.00%、75.34%、73.75%,相较原消力池,跃长依次缩减11.29%、14.17%、10.22%。按照消能方式可分为4个区域:收缩分流区、水跃旋滚区、两侧漩涡区和跃后主流区。该研究可为联合消能工设计及消力池体型优化提供参考依据。This study aims to address the turbulent flow patterns and significant water surface fluctuations in the original stilling basin,which lead to the formation of repelled downstream hydraulic jumps and subsequent scouring damage to the apron slab.To mitigate these problems,a combined chute block and trapezoidal block energy dissipator is employed,and the hydraulic characteristics of this dissipator are investigated.Physical model testing and numerical simulation techniques are combined to study the energy dissipation behavior under various flow rates.The energy conversion processes within the flow are analyzed,and flow velocity reduction ratios are calculated to assess the effectiveness of the dissipator.Findings indicate that,for the chute block-trapezoidal block joint dissipator with double rows of trapezoidal blocks arranged in a staggered manner,the velocity reduction ratios at three different flow rates are 60.00%,75.34%,and 73.75%,respectively.Compared to the original stilling basin,this arrangement reduces the length of the hydraulic jump by 11.29%,14.17%,and 10.22%across the respective flow rates.The energy dissipation mechanism is categorized into four distinct zones:the flow contraction and diversion area,the hydraulic jump swirl area,the vortex areas on both sides,and the post-jump mainstream area.The findings provide a valuable reference for the design of joint dissipators and the optimization of stilling basins.

关 键 词：消力池 水力特性 水跃 趾墩-梯形墩 消能 

分 类 号：TV131.6[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]