大埋深调水隧洞穿越活动断裂带变形破坏特征及适应性措施  

Deformation and Failure Characteristics of Deep-buried Water Diversion Tunnel Crossing Active Fault Zone and Corresponding Adaptive Measures

作　　者：张国强 崔臻[3,4] 颜天佑 张茂础 李建贺 ZHANG Guo-qiang;CUI Zhen;YAN Tian-you;ZHANG Mao-chu;LI Jian-he(Changjiang Survey,Planning,Design and Research Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430010,China;Key Laboratory of Water Grid Project and Regulation of Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,China;State Key Laboratoryof Geomechanics and Geotechnical Engineering,Institute of Rock and Soil Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]长江勘测规划设计研究有限责任公司,武汉430010 [2]水利部水网工程与调度重点实验室,武汉430010 [3]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学与工程国家重点实验室,武汉430071 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《长江科学院院报》2025年第1期152-161,共10页Journal of Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(52079133,52379112);水利部重大科技项目(SKS-2022103);云南省重大科技专项计划项目(202102AF080001);湖北省技术创新计划项目(2024BCB104)。

摘　　要：引江补汉工程深埋长大隧洞穿越通城河活动断裂,在活动断裂处隧洞的安全性是工程的关键问题之一。在地应力场分析基础上,采用数值模拟方法,分析了在不采用适应性结构时衬砌的响应,并估算了铰接设计参数,最终验算了建议铰接设计参数下衬砌的响应特征。结果表明:(1)水平大主应力与隧洞轴线夹角为35°,隧洞轴线方向水平应力分量约为20 MPa,垂直隧洞轴线方向水平应力分量约为21 MPa,竖直向应力分量约为18 MPa;(2)当无抗错断措施时,隧洞的相对变形主要表现为拱顶-底板的相对收敛,相对收敛在断层带部位最大,拱顶、底板部位的最大主应力量值出现在断层带及影响带部位,断裂带部位与影响带部位的衬砌大部分处于损伤状态;(3)基于提出的隧洞铰接设计参数的估算方法,给出了设防节段长度为6 m,铰节段宽度为2~4 cm作为初步的设计参数,进一步考虑参数敏感性分析后,合建议按照设防节段长度为6 m,铰节段宽度为5 cm考虑。(4)隧洞按照所建议参数进行铰接结构设防后,铰接结构设计有效降低了断层带内部衬砌整体所受到的拉力,铰接设计条件下,衬砌因错断产生的相对变形、应力、衬砌损伤均有较大程度减少。上述研究结果证实了铰接结构设计有助于提高隧洞抗错断性能。The safety of the tunnel traversing an active fault is a critical issue for the deep-buried long tunnel crossing the Tongcheng River in the Yangtze-to-Hanjiang River Diversion Project.This study addresses this challenge by employing an analysis of the geostress field and numerical simulation methods.Specifically,it examines the lining’s response in scenarios where adaptive structures are not utilized,estimates the design parameters for hinges,and verifies the lining’s behavior under these hinge parameters.Findings reveal that:1)The angle between the horizontal principal stress and the tunnel axis is approximately 35°.The horizontal stress component along the tunnel axis is about 20 MPa,while the horizontal stress component perpendicular to the axis is around 21 MPa.The vertical stress component is approximately 18 MPa.2)Without any fault mitigation measures,the tunnel’s relative deformation primarily exhibits convergence between the vault and floor.This convergence is most pronounced within the fault zone.The maximum principal stress values in the vault and floor occur in the fault zone and its affected area,with most of the lining in these regions experiencing damage.3)Using the proposed method for estimating tunnel hinge design parameters,a reinforcement section length of 6 meters and a hinge section width of 2-4 cm are initially suggested.Following sensitivity analysis of these parameters,it is recommended that the reinforcement section length remains 6 meters,while the hinge section width is set to 5 cm.4)When the tunnel is reinforced according to the proposed hinge structure parameters,the design effectively reduces the tension experienced by the entire lining in the fault zone.Under hinge design conditions,there is a significant decrease in relative deformation,stress levels,and lining damage.This demonstrates that the hinge structure enhances the tunnel’s resistance to fault-related issues.

关 键 词：长距离调水工程 调水隧洞 活动性断裂 错动响应 铰接衬砌 

分 类 号：TV223.1[水利工程—水工结构工程]