空化工况下喷水推进泵内涡结构的时空演化  

Spatiotemporal evolution of vortex structure in water jet propulsion pumps under cavitation condition

作　　者：赵斌娟[1] 宋英南 黄忠富[2] 付燕霞[1] 陈汇龙[1] ZHAO Binjuan;SONG Yingnan;HUANG Zhongfu;FU Yanxia;CHEN Huilong(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Jiangsu University,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212013,China;School of Material Science and Engineering,Jiangsu University of Science and Technology,Zhenjiang,Jiangsu 212003,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏大学能源与动力工程学院,江苏镇江212013 [2]江苏科技大学材料科学与工程学院,江苏镇江212003

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2025年第2期116-123,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51976078)。

摘　　要：为揭示混流式喷水推进泵在空化工况下内部涡结构的演化情况,在空化数为0.142的工况下使用Ω涡识别方法对其内部涡结构进行识别和研究,在此基础上研究了空化对涡结构特征演化的影响,并分析了1个周期内涡量运输方程各项对涡结构演化的贡献.结果表明:空化工况下,喷水推进泵内部流动复杂,极易产生旋涡,主要的涡结构有叶顶泄漏涡、次级泄漏涡、垂直空化涡和次级泄漏衍生涡;随着三角形空化的坍缩,进口附着涡的涡结构尺度增加,但叶顶泄漏涡因为空泡逐渐增大的缘故涡量逐渐减小;1个周期内,喷水推进泵内空泡尺度较大时,涡结构数量较多,但强度较小.空泡尺度较小时,涡结构尺度较小,强度较大;通过对涡量运输方程进行分解可以发现,拉伸扭曲项的分布与涡量分布具有极高的相似性,压缩膨胀项的量级最高,对垂直空化涡和脱落涡的变化较为敏感,斜压扭矩项在垂直空化涡的发生位置量级较高.In order to reveal the evolution of the internal vortex structure in a mixed-flow water jet propulsion pump under cavitation conditions,theΩvortex identification method was used to identify and study the internal vortex structure under a cavitation number of 0.142.Based on this,the influence of cavitation on the characteristics of vortex structure was investigated,and the contributions of various terms in the vorticity transport equation to the evolution of vortex structure during one cycle were analyzed.The results show that under cavitation conditions,the internal flow of the water jet propulsion pump is complex,and it is extremely prone to generating vortices.The main vortex structures include blade tip leakage vortex,secondary leakage vortex,vertical cavitation vortex,and secondary leakage-derived vortex.As the triangular cavitation collapses,the scale of the inlet attached vortex increases,but the vorticity of the tip leakage vortex gradually decreases due to the increasing size of the cavitation bubble.During one cycle,when the scale of the cavitation bubble in the water jet propulsion pump is relatively large,the scale of vortex structure is large,but the intensity is small.When the scale of the cavitation bubble is small,the scale of the vortex structure decreases and the intensity increases.Through the decomposition of the vorticity transport equation,it can be found that the distribution of the stretch-twist term is highly similar to the distribution of vorticity,and the compression-expansion term has the highest magnitude,which is closely related to the scale of the cavitation bubble and is sensitive to the changes of the vertical cavitation vortex and the shedding vortex.The magnitude of the oblique pressure moment term is higher at the location of the vertical cavitation vortex.

关 键 词：喷水推进泵 空化工况 涡结构 Ω方法 涡量输运 

分 类 号：TH311[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]