林区防火路网密度中火灾分区风险系数取值研究  

Research on Value of Fire Zone Risk Coefficient in Density of Forest Fire Prevention Road Network

作　　者：李明贵 谢峰 LI Ming-gui;XIE Feng(Sichuan Forestry and Grassland Survey and Planning Institute,Chengdu 610081,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省林业和草原调查规划院,四川成都610081

出　　处：《四川林勘设计》2024年第4期8-14,共7页Sichuan Forestry Exploration and Design

摘　　要：森林、草原火灾的本质是灾害,且为小概率事件,防灾减灾的目的是取得最佳经济效果,不同的森林草原资源、气候、环境存在不同的野火发生率,存在不同的火灾风险,理应对应不同的防范措施。防范措施的力度、大小、规模,可采用不同的风险系数加以反应和体现。用于防火道路密度的风险系数,目前国内外尚未有相关报道和结论。本文从相关防灾减灾的洪水、地震、森林火险、保险相关文献、标准、规范分析出发,依据历史火灾区域发生规律,结合国外经验,考虑到当前经济能力、生态环境保护、防火风险、防灭火需求等诸多因素,将高风险区系数设定为F=1.0,高危区F=2.0,一般火险区F=0.5。就风险而言,该风险系数反映了风险发生和损失程度;就防灭火管理而言,体现了不同区划的重要程度;就措施而言,形成了路网密度层级的新观念。The essence of forest and grassland fires is disasters and rare events.The purpose of disaster prevention and reduction is to achieve the best economic results.Different forest and grassland resources,climate,environment,and wildfire occurrence rates have different fire risks,and different prevention measures should be taken accordingly.The strength,size,and scale of preventive measures can be reflected and reflected by different risk coefficients.There are currently no relevant reports or conclusions on the risk factor used for the density of fire-resistant roads both domestically and internationally.Analysis of relevant literature,standards,and regulations on flood prevention and disaster reduction,earthquakes,forest fire hazards,and insurance were started in this article.Based on the historical occurrence patterns of fire areas,combined with foreign experience,and considering various factors such as current economic capacity,ecological environment protection,fire prevention risks,and fire prevention and extinguishing needs,the high-risk area coefficient is set as F=1.0,the high-risk area F=2.O,and the general fire hazard area F=O.5.In terms of risk,this risk coefficient reflects the degree of risk occurrence and loss.In terms of fire prevention and extinguishing management,it reflects the importance of different zones.In terms of measures,it forms a new concept of road network density hierarchy.

关 键 词：火灾风险 建设分区 风险系数 密度层级 经济效果 基准密度 合理密度 

分 类 号：D63[政治法律—政治学]