串列叶片结构对离心泵空化性能的影响  

Effect of tandem blade structure on cavitation performance of centrifugal pumps

作　　者：赵伟国[1,2] 杨良 李家豪 石晓亮 ZHAO Weiguo;YANG Liang;LI Jiahao;SHI Xiaoliang(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China;Key Laboratory of Fluid Machinery and System of Gansu Province,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃兰州730050 [2]甘肃省流体机械及系统重点实验室,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2025年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52169018);中央引导地方科技发展资金资助项目(23ZYQA0320)。

摘　　要：为改善低比转数离心泵的空化性能,设计了一种串列叶片结构的叶轮模型,采用修正的SST k-ω湍流模型和Z-G-B空化模型对离心泵进行瞬态的数值分析,并通过外特性试验和空化试验对算法进行验证,通过对比原模型与串列叶片叶轮模型的外特性与空化特性以及叶轮内的流场结构、压力分布、湍动能分布、空泡体积和压力脉动情况,分析串列叶片结构对离心泵空化性能的影响.结果表明:串列叶片结构对离心泵的外特性影响较小,但在空化发展和严重阶段抑制了空泡的产生,改善了泵的空化性能;同时抑制了空化初生阶段的高湍动能区域的扩张,削弱了空化发展和严重阶段叶轮出口湍动能强度,减少了旋转叶轮周围形成的低压区;降低了空化发展和严重阶段时蜗壳隔舌处的压力脉动主频幅值,对空化诱导产生的噪声和喘振起到抑制作用,可使泵的运行更加稳定.In order to improve the cavitation performance of low-specific speed centrifugal pumps,an impeller model featuring a tandem blade structure was designed.The transient numerical analysis of centrifugal pump employed a modified SST k-ωturbulence model in conjunction with Z-G-B cavitation model.The algorithm was verified by hydraulic characteristic test and cavitation test.A comparative analysis was conducted between the original model and the tandem blade impeller model,focusing on hydraulic characteristics,cavitation characteristics,flow field structure,pressure distribution,turbulent energy distribution,cavity volume,and pressure pulsation.The results show that the tandem blade structure exerts minimal influence on the hydraulic characteristics of the centrifugal pump.However,it effectively suppresses air bubble formation during the development and serious stages of cavitation,thereby enhancing the pump′s cavitation performance.Simultaneously,it inhibits the expansion of the high turbulence kinetic energy region during the initial phase of cavitation,diminishes the intensity of turbulence kinetic energy at the impeller outlet throughout the development and advanced stages of cavitation,and mitigates the formation of low-pressure areas surrounding the rotating impeller.Mitigating the primary frequency amplitude of pressure pulsations at the tongue of the snail shell during both the development and advanced stages of cavitation can effectively suppress the noise and surge associated with cavitation,thereby enhancing the operational stability of the pump.

关 键 词：低比转数离心泵 串列叶片 空化抑制 数值模拟 

分 类 号：S277.9[农业科学—农业水土工程] TH311[农业科学—农业工程]