揭榜挂帅制:一场科研组织模式的变革——基于新制度经济学的视角  

Open Competition Mechanism for Selecting Best Candidates to Lead Research Projects:Change in Mode of Scientific Research Organization

作　　者：杨海华[1] 易高峰[1] Yang Haihua;Yi Gaofeng

机构地区：[1]盐城师范学院历史与公共管理学院,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《企业经济》2025年第1期68-75,共8页Enterprise Economy

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“‘揭榜挂帅’成效评估与风险防范研究”(项目编号:22AGL009)。

摘　　要：目前揭榜挂帅制已得到广泛应用,成为我国突破关键核心技术的重要科研组织模式。本文基于新制度经济学的视角,构建制度环境、制度获利、制度创设的理论分析框架,考察由传统科研组织模式向揭榜挂帅制变迁的运行机理。基于动力的角度分析发现,揭榜挂帅制产生具有必然的逻辑:一方面国际科技竞争、新的科技革命以及高质量发展等新制度环境的变化是推动揭榜挂帅制产生的外在动力;另一方面科技发展战略的更新、规模经济的发挥、交易成本的节约等因素催生新的获利机会和潜在利润,成为驱使揭榜挂帅制产生的内在动力。基于演变轨迹的角度分析发现,揭榜挂帅制产生具有多重路径:一方面揭榜挂帅制兼具了内生性路径和外生性路径的统一过程,另一方面揭榜挂帅制也是强制性制度变迁和诱致性制度变迁的有机结合。At present,the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects has been widely applied in China,and has become an important scientific research organization mode to break through the key core technologies.From the perspective of new institutional economics,this paper constructs the theoretical analysis framework of institutional environment,institutional profit and institutional creation,and examines the operation mechanism from the traditional scientific research organization mode to open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects.From the perspective of power analysis,it is found that the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects has inevitable logic:on the one hand,the change of new institutional environment such as international scientific and technological competition,new scientific and technological revolution and high-quality development is the external driving force to promote the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects;on the other hand,factors such as the renewal of science and technology development strategies,development of scale economies,and savings in transaction costs have given rise to new profit opportunities and potential profits,which have become the internal driving force for the the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects.From the perspective of evolution trajectory,it is found that there are multiple paths to the open competition mechanism for selecting the best candidates to lead research projects:on the one hand,the system has the unified process of endogenous path and exogenous path;on the other hand,the system is also an organic combination of compulsory institutional change and induced institutional change.

关 键 词：揭榜挂帅制 制度变迁 制度均衡 

分 类 号：F124.3[经济管理—世界经济] G322[文化科学]