“国家-文明”与俄罗斯的世界秩序观  

"State-civilization"and Russia's View of World Order

作　　者：亓林才 李抒音 Qi Lincai;Li Shuyin

机构地区：[1]中国人民解放军军事科学院

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2025年第1期37-56,共20页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重点项目“新时代中美俄大三角关系研究”(项目批准号:19AGJ004)阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2023年3月,俄罗斯发布的2023年版《俄罗斯联邦外交政策构想》首次使用“国家-文明”概念,这不仅是俄塑造国家认同的新努力,也是俄外交政策思维的新起点,体现俄构建世界秩序新原则的愿望。一国的世界秩序观包括对自身的认识,对其所处国际环境的认识,以及对自身与这一国际环境之间相互关系的认识,国家外交政策的主要内容之一就是构建与该国理念相符的世界秩序。苏联解体后,在重塑新的国家认同的同时,俄罗斯一直致力于确定以新的国家身份与外部世界进行互动的方式。俄罗斯拥有历史传承下来的独特世界秩序观,多极化世界理念是其世界秩序观的核心理念,但在不同时期有着不同政策表现。“国家-文明”是文明视角下“自我”与“他者”的认同建构概念,体现俄构建多极世界秩序的阶段性特点,有对外交传统理念的继承,但不代表俄外交政策思维彻底转向,传统外交思维仍发挥现实作用。In March 2023,Russia released the new edition of the"Concept of the Foreign Policy of the Russian Federation",which used the concept of"state-civilization"for the first time.This is not only a new effort by Russia to shape its national identity,but also a new starting point for Russia's foreign policy thinking,reflecting its desire to build new principles for the world order.A country's view of world order includes its understanding of itself,its international environment,and its relationship with the international environment.One of the main contents of a country's foreign policy is to build a world order that is consistent with the country's ideas.After the disintegration of the Soviet Union,Russia has been committed to determining how to interact with the outside world with its new national identity.It has a unique view of world order inherited from history.The concept of a multipolar world is the core concept of its view but this concept has different policy manifestations in different periods."State-civilization"is a concept of identity construction of"self"and"other"from the perspective of civilization.It reflects the phased characteristics of Russia's construction of a multipolar world order.However,this does not mean that Russia's foreign policy thinking has completely shifted.Traditional diplomatic thinking which the state-civilization inherits still plays a practical role.

关 键 词：“国家-文明” 世界秩序 多极世界 

分 类 号：D851.20[政治法律—政治学]