论《白俄罗斯共和国国家安全构想》的迭代与影响  

Iteration of the"National Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus"and Its Impact

作　　者：信晓东 Xin Xiaodong

机构地区：[1]北京外国语大学

出　　处：《俄罗斯学刊》2025年第1期115-136,共22页Academic Journal of Russian Studies

摘　　要：白俄罗斯地处欧亚大陆腹地,受全球地缘政治进程的影响较大。独立30多年来,白俄罗斯面临的国际局势和安全环境持续变化,国家安全保障体系和治理能力随之迭代升级,官方先后出台了四版《白俄罗斯共和国国家安全构想》。国家利益始终是白俄罗斯官方制定政策和安全构想的出发点和落脚点。在俄乌冲突持续延宕、阵营对抗日益升级、传统与非传统安全威胁因素叠加的背景下,应对与解决“混合型”威胁,为2025年1月举行的总统大选营造安全环境是白俄罗斯政府面临的首要任务。2024年版《白俄罗斯共和国国家安全构想》的颁布,标志着白俄罗斯对外政策的转向,俄罗斯与白俄罗斯双方在安全领域的政策沟通和协作将进一步提速,双方在多边和双边合作机制基础上提出的新欧亚安全架构逐步从理念转为现实,中白全天候全面战略伙伴关系将继续积极发展。白俄罗斯战略性意识形态工具对于保障国家安全的作用将进一步增强。Belarus is located in the heart of the Eurasian continent and is greatly affected by the global geopolitical process.Over the past 30 years of independence,the international situation and security environment faced by Belarus have continued to change,and the national security system and governance capabilities have been iterated accordingly.The government has successively issued four versions of the"National Security Concept".National interests have always been the starting point and end point for the Belarusian government to formulate security policies and concepts.Given the prolongation of the Russia-Ukraine conflict,the escalating confrontation between different camps,and the superposition of traditional and non-traditional security threats,responding to and resolving"hybrid"threats and creating a safe environment for the upcoming presidential election in January 2025 are the top priorities for the government.The release of the 2024 version of the"National Security Concept of the Republic of Belarus"marks a shift in Belarus'foreign policy.The policy communication and cooperation between Russia and Belarus in the field of security are supposed to further accelerate.The new Eurasian security framework proposed by the two sides based on multilateral and bilateral cooperation mechanisms is gradually turning from concept to reality,and the all-weather comprehensive strategic partnership between China and Belarus continues to develop positively.The role of Belarus'strategic ideological tools in safeguarding national security will be further enhanced.

关 键 词：白俄罗斯 国家安全构想 欧亚安全架构 安全观 对外政策 

分 类 号：D751.14[政治法律—政治学] D851.14[政治法律—中外政治制度]