外泌体和免疫细胞在子宫内膜异位症发生与发展中的作用研究进展  

Research progress on the role of exosomes and immune cellsin the occurrence and development of endometriosis

作　　者：严兆华 方醒艺 姚美华 张国玲 马天仲 YAN Zhaohua;FANG Xingyi;YAO Meihua;ZHANG Guoling;MA Tianzhong(Obstetrics and Gynecology Medical Center,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang 524001,China;Reproductive Medicine Center,Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University,Zhanjiang 524001,China)

机构地区：[1]广东医科大学附属医院妇产医学中心,广东湛江524001 [2]广东医科大学附属医院生殖医学中心,广东湛江524001

出　　处：《陕西医学杂志》2025年第2期285-288,共4页Shaanxi Medical Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(81300484);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金资助项目(2022A1515010849)。

摘　　要：子宫内膜异位症(EMs)是生育期妇女的多发病、常见病,主要症状表现为疼痛及不育,异位内膜可侵犯全身多个部位,对妇女健康和生活质量产生严重影响。目前,暂无明确的EMs发病机制,主流学说包括经血逆流学说、诱导学说等。外泌体是一种具有磷脂双分子层的囊泡结构,来源于晚期核内体。研究发现,外泌体与EMs的发生和发展有关。EMs被认为是一种免疫失调的复杂疾病,患者大部分免疫细胞功能均存在异常。现对外泌体和免疫细胞在EMs发生和发展中的作用进行综述,为EMs的治疗提供一定的理论依据和参考。Endometriosis(EMs)is a common and frequent disease among women of reproductive age,primarily characterized by pain and infertility.Ectopic endometrial tissue can invade multiple areas throughout the body,severely impacting women’s health and quality of life.Currently,there is no clear understanding of the pathogenesis of EMs,with mainstream theories including retrograde menstruation and induction theories,among others.Exosomes are vesicular structures with a phospholipid bilayer,originating from late endosomes.Studies have found that exosomes are associated with the occurrence and development of EMs.EMs is considered a complex disease of immune dysregulation,with most immune cells in patients showing functional abnormalities.This article reviews the role of exosomes and immune cells in the occurrence and development of EMs,providing a theoretical basis and reference for the treatment of EMs.

关 键 词：子宫内膜异位症 外泌体 免疫细胞 发病机制 免疫失衡 

分 类 号：R711.71[医药卫生—妇产科学]