Biochar as a Climate-Smart Agricultural Practice: Reducing Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Promoting Sustainable Farming  

作　　者：Muhammad Nazim Abdul Ghafoor Abida Hussain Mehwish Tabassum Aamir Nawaz Muhammad Ahmad Murad Muhammad Muqarrab Ali 

机构地区：[1]State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology,Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands,Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Urumqi,830011,China [2]University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing,100049,China [3]Center for Water and Environmental Studies,College of Agricultural and Food Sciences,King Faisal University,Al-Ahsa,31982,Saudi Arabia [4]Department of Climate Change,Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences,Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture,Multan,66000,Pakistan [5]Department of Botany Division of Science and Technology,University of Education,Lahore,54000,Pakistan [6]Institute of Chemistry,Faculty of Chemical and Biological Sciences,The Islamia University of Bahawalpur,Bahawalpur,63100,Pakistan [7]Department of Agronomy,University of Agriculture Faisalabad,Faisalabad,38040,Pakistan

出　　处：《Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany》2025年第1期65-99,共35页国际实验植物学杂志(英文)

基　　金：Deanship of Scientific Research(DSR)at King Faisal University,Saudi Arabia,under project number KFU241939.

摘　　要：In recent years, the world has faced rising global temperatures, accumulative pollution, and energy crises, stimulating scientists worldwide to strive for eco-friendly and cost-effective solutions. Biochar has materialized as a favorable tool for environmental remediation, indicating efficacy as an efficient sorbent substance for both inorganic and organic pollutants in environmental field. These unique properties exclude improved surface functionality, porous morphology, large specific surface area (SSA), cation exchange capacity (CEC), robust adsorption capabilities, environmental stability, and embedded micronutrients. Biochar exhibited potential characteristics for environmental oversight, greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction, and soil fertility improvement. This review explores the impact of fundamental factors such as retention time, pyrolysis temperature, gas flow rate, and reactor design on biochar yield and properties. Collected data revealed the various applications of biochar, ranging from waste management and construction materials to the adsorptive removal of hydrocarbon lubricants from aqueous media, contaminant immobilization, and carbon sequestration. It has played mostly a significant share in climate change mitigation and an important role in soil amendments. Biochar improves soil improvement by increasing water retention (10%–30%), carbon sequestration, soil surface functionality, and providing high surface area with chemical stability. The assessment also reports the prospects and contests associated with biochar application uses in various agriculture cropping ecosystems. Inclusive, this review highlights the multifaceted characteristics of biochar as an adjustable on top of a sustainable solution addressing greenhouse gas emission, carbon sequestration, and environmental stresses. However, further research is needed to understand its long-term impacts and optimal applications fully.

关 键 词：AGRO-ECOLOGY BIOCHAR carbon storage greenhouse gas reduction sustainable agriculture 

分 类 号：S156[农业科学—土壤学]