博尔赫斯在《天朝仁学广览》中动物分类法的原型考论  

Exploring and Expounding the Prototype of Borges'Taxonomy of Animals in Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge

作　　者：王嘉暄 

机构地区：[1]大连理工大学人文学院

出　　处：《外国语言文学评论》2024年第1期6-16,共11页

摘　　要：博尔赫斯在《约翰·威尔金斯的分析语言》中引用的中国百科全书《天朝仁学广览》被学者考证为虚构之作,其中涉及的“动物分类法”也一并被视为伪作。通过对中国古代涉及动物分类等内容的相关文献的溯源,本文研究发现博尔赫斯对“动物分类法”的描述,可在《山海经》《庄子》中找到相似的语言模式及思想原型。博尔赫斯并非以自设的解读法曲解中国传统文化,用以表现东西方思维方式的巨大差异,而是基于对中国文学的文本阅读,提出富有文学想象力的动物分类路径,并衍生出对语言与思想边界的深度探讨。博尔赫斯“动物分类法”触及的词与物的问题,折射出无限与循环的概念,而这恰与中国晋代郭璞《山海经图赞》中的文本形成了一种内在的文化互动及观念呼应。Borges quoted a Chinese encyclopedia named Celestial Emporium of Benevolent Knowledge in The Analytical Language of John Wilkins,which was testified fictitious by scholars,and the taxonomy of animals involved in it was also regarded as a forgery.By tracing back to the relevant literature related to taxonomy of animals in ancient China,this paper finds that Borges de-scription of taxonomy of animals can be found in the Classic of Mountains and Rivers and Zhuangzi with equivalent expression and ideological prototype.Borges did not interpret Chinese traditional culture with his own interpretation,or used it to show the great difference between the eastern and western ways of thinking.Instead,he put forward the taxonomy of animals with literary imagination based on his reading of Chinese literature,and derived a deep discussion on the boundary of lan-guage and thought.Borges's taxonomy of animals touches on the order of things,which reflects the concepts of infinity and cycle,and it just forms an internal cultural interaction and an echo of the concept reflected in Guo Pu's Figure Praise of the Classic of Mountains and Rivers of the Jin Dynasty.

关 键 词：博尔赫斯 《天朝仁学广览》 动物分类法 《山海经》 

分 类 号：I20[文学—中国文学]