关于矿产资源管理中权与证管理制度的思考  

Reflections on the Management System of Rights and Permits in Mineral Resources Administration

作　　者：鹿爱莉 孙君 LU Aili;SUN Jun(Chinese Academy of Natural Resources Economics,Beijing 101149,China)

机构地区：[1]中国自然资源经济研究院,北京101149

出　　处：《中国国土资源经济》2025年第1期56-62,70,共8页Natural Resource Economics of China

基　　金：自然资源部项目“矿业权‘净矿’出让政策及技术支撑研究”(121102000000230064)。

摘　　要：新修订的《矿产资源法》对我国矿产资源管理制度体系进行了重构,将我国现行的探矿权和勘查许可证合一管理、采矿权和采矿许可证合一管理的立法模式改变为探矿权和勘查许可证分开管理、采矿权和采矿许可证分开管理的“权证分离”的立法模式,给“权”和“证”彻底松绑。并在“权证分离”背景下,对探矿权、采矿权和勘查许可证、采矿许可证的取得程序及运行机制进行了设计,所构建的制度体系克服了“权证合一”不利于保护矿业权人财产权益的缺陷。文章在分析新《矿产资源法》中相关“权证分离”制度体系的基础上,针对矿业权退出、矿业权登记、行政许可以及处置矿业权证和行政许可证法律责任等制度的构建、修订和法律制度的细化落实提出了建议。The newly revised Mineral Resources Law has reconstructed China's mineral resources management system.It changed the current legislative model in China,where the exploration rights and exploration permits are managed in an integrated way,and mining rights and mining permits are managed in an integrated way,into the legislative model of"separation of rights and permits"where the exploration rights and exploration permits are managed separately,and mining rights and mining permits are managed separately fully decoupling the rights from the permits.Under this framework,the acquisition procedures and operational mechanisms for exploration rights,mining rights,exploration permits,and mining permits have been designed.The newly constructed system overcomes the deficiencies of the previous"unified rights and permits",which was less conducive to protecting the property rights and interests of mining right holders.This paper analyzes the relevant"separation of rights and permits"system in the new Mineral Resources Law and provides recommendations for the construction,revision,and detailed implementation of laws regarding the withdrawal of mining rights,the registration of mining rights,administrative permits,and the legal responsibilities associated with the disposal of mining rights and administrative permits.

关 键 词：探矿权 采矿权 勘查许可证 采矿许可证 权证合一 权证分离 

分 类 号：D922.62[政治法律—环境与资源保护法学] F426.1[政治法律—法学] F062.1[经济管理—产业经济]