欧盟碳边境调节机制的WTO法检视与中国因应  

A WTO Legal Review of the EU Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism and China’s Response

作　　者：周泽远 ZHOU Zeyuan(School of International law,China University of Political Science and Law,Beijing 100088)

机构地区：[1]中国政法大学国际法学院,北京100088

出　　处：《长治学院学报》2024年第6期65-72,105,共9页Journal of Changzhi University

摘　　要：欧盟碳边境调节机制旨在防止碳泄漏和维护产业竞争力,推动全球减排。其在设计和实施过程中涉及多项WTO法律原则的合规性争议,包括非歧视原则、一般例外条款以及技术性贸易壁垒协定的相关规定。其基于产品生产过程的碳排放量征收费用,在实质上可能构成变相的贸易壁垒,尤其对以高碳足迹产业为主的发展中国家构成显著挑战。我国在提出“双碳”目标的背景下应当在多边框架内强化法律诉求、在双边谈判中争取利益平衡、提升自身碳治理能力以增强谈判筹码,从国际和国内两个方面对欧盟碳边境调节机制做出积极应对。The Carbon Border Adjustment Mechanism(CBAM)aims to prevent carbon leakage,maintain industrial competitiveness and promote global emission reduction.The design and implementation of the CBAM involve compliance disputes with several WTO legal principles,including the principles of non-discrimination,general exceptions,and provisions related to the Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.By imposing fees based on the carbon emissions of the production process,it substantively acts as a de facto trade barrier,particularly posing significant challenges for developing countries with high-carbon footprint industries.Against the backdrop of China’s“dual carbon”goal,it is essential to strengthen legal claims within a multilateral framework,seek a balance of interests in bilateral negotiations,and enhance domestic carbon governance capabilities to bolster bargaining power.China should actively respond to the CBAM from both international and domestic perspectives.

关 键 词：“双碳”目标 碳边境措施 WTO法律制度 

分 类 号：D996[政治法律—经济法学]