2019—2023年惠州市某医院鲍曼不动杆菌临床感染特征及耐药性分析  

Clinical Infection Characteristics and Drug Resistance Analysis of Acinetobacter Baumannii in a Certain Hospital of Huizhou City During 2019-2023

作　　者：罗百文 刘志云[2] 吕静仪[3] 郑仁惠 吴显劲 Luo Baiwen;Liu Zhiyun;Lyu Jingyi;Zheng Renhui;Wu Xianjin(Shantou University Medical College,Shantou 515041,Guangdong Province,China;Huizhou Central People's hospital,Huizhou 516001,Guangdong Province,China;Guangdong Medical University,Dongguan 523808,Guangdong Province,China)

机构地区：[1]汕头大学医学院,广东汕头515041 [2]惠州市中心人民医院,广东惠州516001 [3]广东医科大学,广东东莞523808

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2025年第1期51-53,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

摘　　要：目的:分析2019—2023年惠州市某医院鲍曼不动杆菌(AB)临床感染特征及耐药性。方法:选取2019年1月—2023年12月惠州市中心人民医院检出的1 657株AB作为研究对象。进行分离培养、菌株鉴定和药敏试验后,统计AB的临床检出率、临床标本类型、科室分布、感染患者性别和年龄特征、AB对常用抗菌药物的药敏情况,比较耐碳青霉烯表型菌株与非耐碳青霉烯表型菌株对非β内酰胺药物的敏感性。结果:AB占革兰阴性菌的8.14%。5年内,AB每年检出率占革兰阴性菌的7.64%~8.49%。AB主要来源为呼吸道标本[1 252株(75.56%)],临床科室以ICU占比最高。感染人群以男性,≥65岁者居多。AB对环丙沙星、哌拉西林/他唑巴坦、美罗培南的耐药率较高,但均<35%;AB对黏菌素、替加环素、米诺环素的敏感率较高。1 657株AB中有耐碳青霉烯表型菌株502株,其对妥布霉素、环丙沙星、左旋氧氟沙星、复方新诺明、米诺环素和替加环素的敏感率均低于非耐碳青霉烯表型菌株,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。结论:该医院AB检出率较低,临床应针对重点科室、重点人群进行目标性监测,加强细菌耐药监测,合理使用抗菌药物。Objective:To analyze the clinical infection characteristics and drug resistance of Acinetobacter baumannii(AB)in a certain hospital of Huizhou City during 2019-2023.Methods:A total of 1657 AB strains detected in Huizhou Central People's Hospital from January 2019 to December 2023 were selected as the research objects.After isolation and culture,strain identification and drug susceptibility test,the clinical detection rate of AB,the type of clinical specimens,the distribution of departments,the gender and age characteristics of infected patients,and the drug susceptibility of AB to commonly used antimicrobial agents were counted.The susceptibility of carbapenem-resistant phenotype strains and non-carbapenem-resistant phenotype strains to non-βlactam drugs was compared.Results:AB accounted for 8.14%of Gram-negative bacteria.Within 5 years,the annual detection rate of AB accounted for 7.64%-8.49%of Gram-negative bacteria.The main source of AB was respiratory tract specimens[1252 strains(75.56%)].The ICU accounted for the highest proportion among clinical departments.The majority of the infected people were males at the age of≥65 years old.AB had a high resistance rate to ciprofloxacin,piperacillin/tazobactam,and meropenem,but the resistance rates were<35%.AB had a high susceptibility rate to colistin,tigecycline,and minocycline.Among the 1657 AB strains,there were 502 carbapenem-resistant phenotype strains,and their susceptibility to tobramycin,ciprofloxacin,levofloxacin,cotrimoxazole,minocycline and tigecycline were lower than those of non-carbapenem-resistant phenotype strains,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.001).Conclusion:The hospital has a low rate of AB detection,In clinical setting it is necessary to perform the targeted monitoring for key departments and key populations,strength the monitoring of bacterial resistance,and use of antimicrobial agents rationally.

关 键 词：鲍曼不动杆菌 感染 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学]