心理弹性在医务人员职业压力和焦虑间的中介效应  

Mediating effect of psychological resilience on occupational stress and anxiety in medical staff

作　　者：罗帆 王淇蕊 蒋佶杉 汪婷 陈于[1] LUO Fan;WANG Qirui;JIANG Jishan;WANG Ting;CHEN Yu(College of Public Health,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学公共卫生学院,重庆400016

出　　处：《中国当代医药》2024年第35期28-33,共6页China Modern Medicine

摘　　要：目的探究心理弹性在医务人员职业压力和焦虑间的中介效应。方法采用便利抽样法,选取2024年4月至6月重庆市璧山区各医疗卫生单位的医务人员(医生和护士)作为研究对象。采用一般资料调查表、中文版知觉压力量表(CPSS)、心理弹性量表(CD-RISC)和广泛性焦虑障碍量表(GAD-7)调查医务人员的基础信息、职业压力、心理弹性和焦虑情况。采用Bootstrap法检验心理弹性是否在职业压力与焦虑间起部分中介效应。结果本研究共纳入1113名医务人员。60.74%医务人员的职业压力处于健康危险性压力状态(HRS),焦虑的检出率为55.71%。文化程度、职业、每周工作时长、饮食规律、有无慢性病、职业压力和心理弹性是焦虑的影响因素(P<0.05)。职业压力和焦虑呈正相关(r=0.565,P<0.001),心理弹性和职业压力、焦虑呈负相关(r=-0.421、-0.409,P<0.001)。心理弹性在医务人员职业压力与焦虑间起部分中介效应,效应占比为12.84%。结论职业压力会影响医务人员焦虑的严重程度,心理弹性可以有效缓解职业压力对焦虑的影响。Objective To explore the mediating effect of psychological resilience on occupational stress and anxiety in medical staff.Methods Medical staff(doctors and nurses)from various medical units in Bishan district of Chongqing from April to June 2024 were selected as subjects by convenience sampling method.General data questionnaire,Chinese perceived stress scales(CPSS),connor davidson resilience scale(CD-RISC)and general anxiety disorder-7(GAD-7)were used to investigate the basic information,occupational stress,psychological resilience and anxiety of medical staff.The Bootstrap method was used to test whether psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between occupational stress and anxiety.Results A total of 1113 medical staff were included in the study.The occupational stress of 60.74%of medical staff was in the health risk stress state(HRS),and the detection rate of anxiety was 55.71%.Educational level,occupation,weekly working hours,diet,chronic disease,occupational stress and mental resilience were the influencing factors of anxiety(P<0.05).There was a positive correlation between occupational stress and anxiety(r=0.565,P<0.001),and a negative correlation between psychological resilience and occupational stress and anxiety(r=-0.421,-0.409,P<0.001).Psychological resilience had a partial mediating effect between occupational stress and anxiety of medical staff,and the effect accounted for 12.84%.Conclusion Occupational stress can affect the severity of anxiety of medical staff,psychological resilience can effectively alleviate the effect of occupational stress on anxiety.

关 键 词：医务人员 职业压力 焦虑 心理弹性 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]