时域有限差分法在夫琅禾费衍射教学中的应用  

Application on Finite Difference Time Domain Methodin Fraunhofer Diffraction Teaching

作　　者：胡莎 王超[1] 李佳慧 于景新 李晓东[1] HU Sha;WANG Chao;LI Jiahui;YU Jingxin;LI Xiaodong(School of Physics,Henan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 450001)

机构地区：[1]河南工业大学物理学院,河南郑州450001

出　　处：《物理通报》2025年第2期24-28,共5页Physics Bulletin

基　　金：河南工业大学理学院本科教学研究类项目,项目编号:lxyjy202219,lxyjy202206;河南工业大学理学院创新实验班建设项目,项目编号:lxycxsy202312.

摘　　要：时域有限差分法(finite difference time domain,FDTD)作为一种电磁场仿真计算的常用方法之一,可用于模拟任意场景下电磁波的传播和散射.针对FDTD算法在夫琅禾费衍射教学中的应用进行了探索,利用FDTD Solutions电磁仿真软件模拟了单缝、多边形孔、圆孔3种结构对应的夫琅禾费衍射情景,分析了不同结构的衍射图样和衍射规律.此外,从远场结果出发,定量地给出了单缝衍射和圆孔衍射的衍射图样分布公式,与相应的理论公式一致.基于FDTD方法得到的仿真结果直观地、精确地展示了不同结构夫琅禾费衍射的场分布和光强分布,有助于学生更好地掌握衍射的理论知识、构建清晰的物理图像.Finite Difference Time Domain(FDTD),a common method of electromagnetic field simulation,can be used to simulate the propagation and scattering of electromagnetic waves.Here,we explore the applications of FDTD in the teaching of Fraunhofer diffraction.Lumerical FDTD Solution(a commercial software)is used to simulate the Fraunhofer diffraction of three structures:single slit,polygonal hole,and circular hole.Moreover,the corresponding diffraction patterns are analyzed.Based on the far-field results,the diffraction formulas of the single-slit diffraction and circular aperture diffraction are quantitatively provided,which are consistent with the corresponding theoretical formulas.The simulated results by FDTD method intuitively and accurately display the field distribution and light intensity distribution of Fraunhofer diffraction with different structures,which helps students fully understand Fraunhofer diffraction and build clear physical images.

关 键 词：时域有限差分法 FDTD Solutions软件 夫琅禾费衍射 衍射图样 衍射公式 

分 类 号：O43[机械工程—光学工程]