宋太祖“以孙为子”考辨——兼析王继恩等“谋立太祖之孙惟吉”传言  

Study of“Treating His Grandson as His Own Son”of Emperor Taizu of Song—An Analysis of the Rumor of the“Plot to Make Emperor Song Taizu’s Grandson,Zhao Weiji the Emperor”from Wang Jien and Others

作　　者：顾宏义[1] Gu Hongyi

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学古籍研究所,上海200241

出　　处：《中原文化研究》2025年第1期93-102,共10页The Central Plains Culture Research

摘　　要：宋太祖尝将其年幼之孙(即德昭之子)迎入宫中抚育,并以孙为子,赐名德雍,与其父叔“联名”。太宗亦疑似存在同样情况。如此抚育皇室幼儿于宫中之事,其初衷似与太祖宋皇后、太宗李皇后未有子嗣相关。但此一“紊乱昭穆”之举,在宋初皇位授受之际产生微妙之影响,故太宗此后遂改德雍名为惟吉,恢复其皇侄孙身份。当太宗驾崩,王继恩等大臣谋阻止真宗继位而未成,但此后遂有其欲“谋立太祖之孙惟吉”之传言流布于世,神宗时与两宋之际分别发生的宗室异动事件,以及高宗选择太祖后裔继位,皆受此传言或显或隐之影响。Emperor Taizu of Song once brought his young grandson(the son of Zhao Dezhao)into the palace to be raised,treating the grandson as his own child and renaming him Zhao Deyong.This name was similar to his father’s and uncle’s.Emperor Taizong is also believed to have engaged in similar practices.This act of raising royal children in the palace seems to have originated from childless Empress Song of Emperor Taizu and Empress Li of Emperor Song Taizong.However,this practice of“disrupting the generational hierarchy”subtly affected the succession of the throne during the early Song Dynasty.Consequently,Emperor Taizong later changed Zhao Deyong’s name to Zhao Weiji,restoring his status as a grandnephew of the emperor.When Emperor Taizong passed away,officials such as Wang Jien attempted but failed to prevent Emperor Zhenzong from ascending to the throne.Following this,rumors spread that they had intended to“elevate Zhao Weiji,the grandson of Emperor Taizu to the throne”.These rumors,whether explicit or implicit,influenced subsequent events,including separate disturbances among the royal family during Emperor Shenzong’s reign and the transitional period between the Northern and Southern Song dynasties.They also affected Emperor Gaozong’s decision to choose a descendant of Emperor Taizu as his successor.

关 键 词：宋太祖 以孙为子 王继恩 赵惟吉 

分 类 号：K244[历史地理—历史学] K245[历史地理—中国史]