高密度聚乙烯超细纤维篷布的闪蒸-水刺法制备及其防水透湿性  

Flash spinning-hydroentangling process of high-density polyethylene microfibrous tarpaulin and its waterproof and permeable performance

作　　者：叶孔萌 秦子轩 康桂田 李赛 韩德孝 张恒 YE Kongmeng;QIN Zixuan;KANG Guitian;LI Sai;HAN Dexiao;ZHANG Heng(Jiangsu Qingyun New Materials Co.,Ltd.,Nantong,Jiangsu 226000,China;College of Intelligent Textile and Fabric Electronics,Zhongyuan University of Technology,Zhengzhou,Henan 451191,China;Hi-Tech Heavy Industry Co.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou,Henan 450000,China;BW Advanced Materials Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100043,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏青昀新材料有限公司,江苏南通226000 [2]中原工学院智能纺织与织物电子学院,河南郑州451191 [3]恒天重工股份有限公司,河南郑州450000 [4]北京邦维高科新材料科技股份有限公司,北京100043

出　　处：《纺织学报》2025年第1期25-33,共9页Journal of Textile Research

基　　金：河南省高校科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(24HASTIT011);河南省重大科技专项(231100320200);中原工学院优秀科技创新人才支持计划资助项目(K2023YXRC01);中原工学院学科骨干教师支持计划(GG202422)。

摘　　要：为获得适用于户外高价值目标遮盖的高强轻薄超细纤维材料,利用闪蒸-水刺工艺制备了高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)超细纤维材料,并对其形貌结构、防护特性和力学性能进行测试。结果表明:所制备样品表现出致密的超细纤维非织造结构,即1~6μm的纤维相互纠缠成孔隙率为82.7%~85.9%、模态孔径为6~8μm的柔性多孔材料;纵向拉伸断裂强力和顶破强力随水针能量的增大分别提高到217.8 N和301.3 N,且柔软得分高于80;耐静水压随着样品单位面积质量增大到110 g/m^(2)而提高到6695.7 Pa,且透气率和水蒸气透过率分别为48.3 mm/s和2321.2 g/(m^(2)·24 h)。所制备样品兼具有高强、柔软和防水透气性,可作为篷布用于户外运动、物资存储和军用物资等安全防护。Objective Tarpaulin,as a physical barrier material,has functions including protection,humidity and heat regulation and asthetic decoration,and has been widely applicated in material storage,safeguarding sports facilities,and concealing military equipment.However,conventional tarpaulins,such as coated fabric and multi-layered composites,demonstrate poor flexibility,limited conformity,and inconvenient portability,because of the high-density and large-thickness of the material.Hence,the development of such fabrics with a combination of high-strength and light weight properties has emerged as a focal point in the sphere of sports,safety protection,and functional textiles.Method As a commercial strategy for preparing micro-nanofibrous fabrics,a flash spinning process has the advantages of rich source of raw materials and high production efficiency.Unfortunately,the flash spinning process is still mainly associated with thermal bonding process,and the prepared micro-nanofibrous fabrics show poor hand feeling,i.e.,strong plastic texture feeling.The hydroentangling technology is known for preparing flexible fibrous webs using high speed water jet to intertwine the fibres.Herein,high-density polyethylene(HDPE)microfibrous fabrics were prepared by using the flash spinning-hydroentangling process,and their morphological structure,mechanical properties,water and moisture permeability and radiation cooling characteristics were experimentally studied.Results The prepared HDPE microfibrous fabric samples showed a typical nonwoven structure.The circular microfibers with the diameter between 1-6μm were randomly distributed in the fabric plane,forming a dense microfibrous network with spunlaced nonwoven structural characteristics.The tensile breaking strength of 55 g/m^(2) samples was higher than that of 45 g/m^(2) polypropylene melt blown nonwovens(about 10.2 times in the longitudinal direction and 11.3 times in the transverse direction)and 20 g/m^(2) polypropylene spunbonded nonwovens(about 3.1 times in the longitudinal directi

关 键 词：闪蒸 水刺 高密度聚乙烯 超细纤维材料 非织造技术 户外防护 篷布 防水透湿 

分 类 号：TS176[轻工技术与工程—纺织材料与纺织品设计]