2021-2023年德州市病毒性腹泻病原监测分析  

Analysis on viral diarrhea pathogen surveillance in Dezhou city from 2021 to 2023

作　　者：张晓凤 赵玉香 ZHANG Xiao-feng;ZHAO Yu-xiang(Clinical Laboratory,Linyi City Center for Disease Prevention and Control,Dezhou city,Shandong 251500,China)

机构地区：[1]德州市临邑县疾病预防控制中心检验科,山东251500

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2024年第10期788-791,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：目的了解2021-2023年德州市病毒性腹泻的流行病学特征,为预防和控制病毒性腹泻提供数据基础。方法收集2021-2023年德州市腹泻哨点监测的腹泻患者的粪便标本1875份,采用Real-Time RT-PCR方法检测A组轮状病毒、诺如病毒GⅠ型和GⅡ型、星状病毒、札如病毒、肠道腺病毒核酸,对6种病毒检测结果进行统计学分析。结果共检出6种病毒阳性303份,总阳性率16.16%(303/1875),其中A组轮状病毒8.32%(156/1875)、诺如病毒GI型0.96%(18/1875)、诺如病毒GII型5.28%(99/1875)、星状病毒1.25%(14/1120)、札如病毒1.25%(14/1120)、肠道腺病毒2.32%(26/1120)。轮状病毒A组发病以6月龄~1岁阳性率最高,各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=71.750,P<0.001);发病时间以1-4月为高峰期,各月份阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=63.814,P<0.001)。诺如病毒GⅠ型发病以5-7月份阳性率为最高,各月份阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.082,P=0.031)。星状病毒患者发病以2~5岁阳性率最高,各年龄组阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=17.133,P=0.027)。札如病毒发病有明显的季节性趋势,以3月份阳性率最高,各月份阳性率比较差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=58.621,P=0.035)。肠道腺病毒发病有明显的季节性发病趋势,9-11月为高峰期,各月份阳性率差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=36.86,P<0.001)。结论2021-2023年德州市病毒性腹泻发病以轮状病毒、诺如病毒和肠道腺病毒为主,5岁以下儿童是易感人群,且存在地域差异。Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of viral diarrhea in Dezhou from 2021 to 2023,so as to provide a data basis for the prevention and control of viral diarrhea. Methods A total of 1 875 stool specimens were collected at the Dezhou diarrhoea surveillance sentinels from 2021 to 2023,group A rotavirus, norovirus GⅠand GⅡ,astrovirus, sapovirus, and enteric adenovirus nucleic acids were detected by Real-Time RT-PCR,and the results of the 6 viruses were statistically analyzed. Results A total of 303 positive cases were detected, with an overall positive rate of 16.16%(303/1 875),including group A rotavirus 8.32%(156/1 875),norovirus GⅠ 0.96%(18/1 875),norovirus GⅡ 5.28%(99/1 875),astrovirus 1.25%(14/1 120),sapovirus 1.25%(14/1 120),and enteric adenovirus 2.32%(26/1 120).The positive rate of group A rotavirus was highest in the age range of 6 months to 1 year, and the difference in positive rate among different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=71.750,P<0.001);the peak period of onset was from January to April, and the difference in positive rate among different months was statistically significant(χ^(2)=63.814,P<0.001).The positive rate of norovirus GI was highest in the age range of May to July, and the difference in positive rate among different months was statistically significant(χ^(2)=16.082,P=0.031).Astrovirus patients had the highest positive rate among the age range of 2 to 5 years, and the difference in positive rate among different age groups was statistically significant(χ^(2)=17.133,P=0.027).Sapovirus incidence had a clear seasonal trend, with the highest positive rate in March and positive rate in each month.There was a statistically significant difference in the incidence of enteric adenovirus(χ^(2)=58.621,P=0.035).The incidence of enteric adenovirus showed a clear seasonal trend, with the peak period from September to November, and there was a statistically significant difference in the positive rate between each month(χ^(2)=36.86,P<0.001). Conclusion F

关 键 词：病毒性腹泻 轮状病毒 诺如病毒 星状病毒 札如病毒 肠道腺病毒 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.5[医药卫生—内科学] R181.12[医药卫生—临床医学]